SCIENCE WAVES

• What are the two categories of waves?

  Transverse waves and longitudinal waves
• What is an example of a transverse wave?

  Ripples on the surface of water
• What is an example of a longitudinal wave?

  Sound waves traveling in air
• What do all waves transfer?

  Energy from one place to another
• What type of energy do ripples transfer?

  Kinetic energy
• What type of energy do sound waves transfer?

  Sound energy
• What are the characteristics of transverse waves?

  • Oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
  • Example: Ripples on water
• What are the characteristics of longitudinal waves?

  • Oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer
  • Example: Sound waves in air
• What are compressions in longitudinal waves?

  Regions where particles are very close together
• What are rarefactions in longitudinal waves?

  Regions where particles are spaced out
• What is a key difference between transverse and longitudinal waves regarding mediums?

  Longitudinal waves require a medium to travel in
• Do all transverse waves require a medium?

  No, not all transverse waves require a medium
• How do transverse waves behave in a medium, like water?

  The wave travels while the water molecules oscillate up and down
• What is the important fact about the movement of waves?

  It is the wave that travels, not the medium
• How do longitudinal waves behave in a medium, like air?

  The wave travels while the air particles oscillate from side to side
• What should you remember about waves in relation to mediums?

  • Waves travel through mediums
  • The medium itself does not travel with the wave
• What are scalar quantities?

  Scalar quantities have magnitude only and no direction.
• What is an example of a scalar quantity?

  Distance is an example of a scalar quantity.
• What does the term 'magnitude' refer to in scalar quantities?

  'Magnitude' refers to the size of the quantity.
• Why does distance not provide information about direction?

  Because distance is a scalar quantity that has no direction.
• If you travel 800 meters from point A to point B, what does this represent?

  This represents a distance of 800 meters, a scalar quantity.
• What is the difference between distance and displacement?

  Distance is a scalar quantity, while displacement is a vector quantity that includes direction.
• What is an example of a vector quantity?

  Displacement is an example of a vector quantity.
• How is displacement defined?

  Displacement is distance in a specific direction.
• If you travel 800 meters but your displacement is 500 meters due west, what does this indicate?

  This indicates that you traveled a distance of 800 meters but in a specific direction of 500 meters due west.
• How can vectors be represented visually?

  Vectors can be represented by arrows, where the length indicates magnitude and the direction indicates direction.
• What are the characteristics of scalar and vector quantities?

  • Scalar quantities:
  • Have magnitude only
  • Examples: mass, temperature, speed, energy, distance, time
  • Vector quantities:
  • Have both magnitude and direction
  • Examples: displacement, weight, force, velocity, acceleration, momentum
• What is the significance of the direction in vector quantities?

  The direction is essential as it defines the vector's orientation in space.
• How does the representation of displacement on a map illustrate its vector nature?

  The length of the arrow represents the magnitude, and the direction of the arrow represents the direction of displacement.
• Why is it important to distinguish between scalar and vector quantities in physics?

  It is important because they have different properties and implications in calculations and physical interpretations.
• What is the definition of a force?

  A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object.
• What are the two components that all forces have?

  All forces have both magnitude (size) and direction.
• What type of quantity is force?

  Force is a vector quantity.
• What is the unit of force?

  The unit of force is the Newton.
• What are the two categories of forces?

  • Contact forces
  • Non-contact forces
• What is a contact force?

  A contact force occurs when two objects are physically touching each other.
• What is an example of a contact force?

  Tension in a rope is an example of a contact force.
• How does tension in a rope act in a tug of war?

  The force of tension pulls on the soldier in a tug of war.
• How does friction act when an airplane lands on water?

  The force of friction acts between the water and the airplane, causing it to slow down and stop.
• What is another example of a contact force?

  Air resistance is another example of a contact force.