reactions

• benzene -> nitrobenzene

  • conc HNO3
  • conc H2SO4
  • carried out between 50 - 55 degrees C
• benzene + Br2 -> bromobenzene

  • in presence of catalyst e.g. AlBr3 or FeBr3
• benzene + Cl2 -> chlorobenzene

  • in the presence of catalyst e.g. AlCl3 or FeCl3
• acylation of benzene

  • e.g. benzene + ethanoyl chloride (CH3COCl) -> ethanoyl benzene
  • in presence of AlCl3 catalyst
• alkylation of benzene

  • benzene + chloroalkane
  • presence of AlCl3 catalyst
• reduction of acyl benzene

  • NaBH4
  • produces alcohol
• reduction of nitrobezene

  • Sn / conc. HCl
  • produces phenylamine
• phenylamine + Br2 -> 2, 4, 6-tribromophenylamine