C3 - Quantitative Chemistry

Cards (22)

  • What is the law of conservation of mass?
    No atoms are lost or made
  • What does the law of conservation of mass imply about chemical equations?
    Equations must be balanced for atoms
  • What is the relative formula mass (M<sub>r</sub>) of a compound?
    Sum of relative atomic masses in formula
  • In a balanced symbol equation, what does the sum of relative formula masses of reactants equal?
    It equals the sum of products' masses
  • What might cause a change of mass in a non-enclosed system during a reaction?
    Loss or gain of unaccounted gas
  • How can we measure uncertainty in a set of measurements?
    Using the range about the mean
  • What units are chemical amounts measured in?
    Moles
  • What is the symbol for the units of chemical amounts?
    mol
  • How many atoms, molecules, or ions are there in 1 mole?
    6 x 10<sup>23</sup>
  • What is the relationship between relative formula mass, number of moles, and mass of a substance?
    Mass = moles x relative formula mass
  • What does the equation Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂ show in terms of molar ratios?
    1 mol Mg reacts with 2 mol HCl
  • If 88g of carbon dioxide gas are produced, what mass of calcium carbonate was decomposed?
    200g of calcium carbonate decomposed
  • If 48g of magnesium reacted with hydrochloric acid, what mass of hydrochloric acid reacted?
    146g of hydrochloric acid reacted
  • What is meant by a "limiting reactant" in a chemical reaction?
    The reactant completely used up first
  • Why does the mass of product formed depend upon the mass of the limiting reactant?
    Because it determines the maximum product
  • What mass of aluminium chloride is formed from 2.7g of aluminium and 9.125g of HCl?
    11.12g of aluminium chloride formed
  • What is meant by the concentration of a solution?
    Amount of solute per volume of solution
  • In what units is the concentration of a solution usually measured?
    g/dm³
  • What is the concentration of a sodium hydroxide solution formed from 8g in 2 dm² of water?
    4 g/dm² concentration
  • What mass of sodium chloride is dissolved in 2 dm² of a 10 g/dm² solution?
    20g of sodium chloride dissolved
  • How do you convert volumes in cm³ into dm³?
    Divide by 1000
  • How can the concentration of a solution be increased?
    Add more solute or evaporate solvent