redox

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the two-part video on oxidation and reduction?

  Oxidation and reduction in terms of oxygen, hydrogen, and electrons
• What is the result of the transfer of the oxygen atom in the magnesium and zinc oxide reaction?

  The magnesium atom gains oxygen and is oxidized
• What happens in the reaction between magnesium and zinc oxide?

  The magnesium atom displaces the zinc atom
• What is the term for the reaction where oxygen is gained?

  Oxidation reaction
• What is the term for the reaction where oxygen is lost?

  Reduction
• What do scientists call reactions involving both oxidation and reduction?

  Redox reactions
• How can oxidation and reduction also be considered in organic chemistry?

  In terms of hydrogen
• What happens during the oxidation of methanol?

  Hydrogen is removed from methanol
• What is the effect of adding hydrogen to methanol?

  It is called reduction
• What is a more general way to look at oxidation and reduction reactions?

  In terms of electrons
• What happens to the magnesium atom at the start of the reaction with zinc oxide?

  It loses two electrons to form the magnesium ion $Mg^{2+}$
• What does the zinc ion do during the reaction with magnesium?

  It gains two electrons to form the uncharged zinc atom
• What remains unchanged during the reaction between zinc oxide and magnesium?

  The oxide ion $O^{2-}$
• What are spectator ions?

  Ions that do not change during a reaction
• What is the term for losing electrons in a reaction?

  Oxidation
• What is the term for gaining electrons in a reaction?

  Reduction
• What is the role of the oxidizing agent in a redox reaction?

  It accepts electrons
• What is the role of the reducing agent in a redox reaction?

  It donates electrons
• What happens to the oxidizing agent during a redox reaction?

  It is reduced
• What happens to the reducing agent during a redox reaction?

  It is oxidized
• What are the key concepts of oxidation and reduction in chemistry?

  • Oxidation: Gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen/electrons
  • Reduction: Loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen/electrons
  • Redox reactions involve both processes
  • Oxidizing agent: Accepts electrons and is reduced
  • Reducing agent: Donates electrons and is oxidized