Acids

• What ion is released into the solution when an acid is added to water?

  Hydrogen ion, H+
• How is an acid defined?

  Proton donor
• What characterizes the dissociation of a strong acid?

  Full dissociation
• How is a base defined?

  Proton acceptor
• Which base is commonly used to treat acid indigestion?

  Magnesium hydroxide
• What are alkalis?

  Bases that can dissolve in water to form aqueous hydroxide ions
• What are amphoteric substances?

  Substances that can act as acids and bases
• What is formed when an acid reacts with carbonate?

  Salt, carbon dioxide, and water
• What is a salt?

  A compound formed when H+ of an ion is replaced by a metal ion or positive ion
• What is formed when acids react with metal oxide?

  Salt and water
• What is formed when acid reacts with alkali?

  Salt and water
• What is formed when acids react with metal?

  Salt and hydrogen
• Why are the products the same when acid reacts with alkali or metal oxides?

  Both alkali and metal oxides are types of bases
• How are ammonium salts formed?

  When acid reacts with aqueous ammonia
• What are hydrated crystals?

  A crystalline structure containing water
• What does anhydrous crystals mean?

  Crystalline form that contains no water
• What does a dot formula indicate?

  The amount of water present in a crystalline structure
• What are the steps to carry out a titration?

  1. Using a pipette, measure the volume of a solution
  2. Add the solution into a conical flask and add an indicator
  3. Add the other solution into a burette and record the volume
  4. Slowly add the solution in the burette into the conical flask
  5. Swirl the mixture continuously until the end point is reached
  6. Repeat until concordant results are obtained
• What is the colour of methyl orange in an acid, base, and at the end point?

  Acid - red, Base - yellow, End point - orange