Eukaryotic cells

    Cards (25)

    • What type of cells are being discussed in this video?
      Eukaryotic cells
    • What organelles are important to know for A-level biology?
      • Cell surface membrane
      • Nucleus
      • Mitochondria
      • Chloroplasts
      • Golgi apparatus
      • Vesicles
      • Lysosomes
      • Ribosomes
      • Rough endoplasmic reticulum
      • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
      • Cell wall
      • Cell vacuole
    • What is the function of the cell surface membrane?
      It controls what can enter and exit the cell.
    • What is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
      It has ribosomes on its surface.
    • What is the primary function of ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
      Protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes.
    • What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
      It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids.
    • What are lysosomes and their function?
      Lysosomes are sacs of digestive enzymes that break down waste materials.
    • What is the role of mitochondria in the cell?
      Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration.
    • What is the structure of mitochondria?
      Mitochondria have a double membrane with folded inner membranes called cristae.
    • What is the function of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?
      Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
    • What is the difference between ribosomes in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
      Eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes (80S) compared to prokaryotic cells (70S).
    • What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?
      Vacuoles provide structural support and store substances like sugars and amino acids.
    • What is the composition of the plant cell wall?
      The plant cell wall is made up of cellulose.
    • What is the function of the chloroplasts?
      Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
    • What is the structure of chloroplasts?
      Chloroplasts have a double membrane and thylakoid membranes stacked to form granum.
    • What is the role of the plasma membrane in cells?
      The plasma membrane controls the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell.
    • What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus and vesicles?
      • Modifies proteins and lipids
      • Sorts and packages them for transport
      • Produces glycoproteins
      • Stores and modifies lipids
      • Creates lysosomes
    • Compare the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
      Mitochondria:
      • Double membrane
      • Site of aerobic respiration
      • Contains cristae and matrix

      Chloroplasts:
      • Double membrane
      • Site of photosynthesis
      • Contains thylakoid membranes and stroma
    • What are the differences between plant and animal cells regarding organelles?
      Plant cells:
      • Have cell walls
      • Have chloroplasts
      • Have large vacuoles

      Animal cells:
      • Do not have cell walls
      • Do not have chloroplasts
      • Have smaller vacuoles
    • What is the significance of the nuclear envelope?
      • Double membrane structure
      • Contains pores for material exchange
      • Protects the nucleus and its contents
    • What is the role of the nucleolus within the nucleus?
      • Site of rRNA production
      • Involved in ribosome assembly
      • Located within the nucleus
    • What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
      • Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates
      • Storage of synthesized products
      • Lacks ribosomes on its surface
    • What is the role of lysosomes in cellular processes?
      • Digestive enzymes for breaking down waste
      • Involved in autolysis of dead cells
      • Participate in exocytosis to release enzymes
    • What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
      • Provides structural strength
      • Made of cellulose
      • Helps maintain turgidity
    • What is the role of the tonoplast in vacuoles?
      • Membrane surrounding the vacuole
      • Helps maintain cell structure
      • Controls the movement of substances in and out of the vacuole
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