anatomy and physiology

• The brain is the control center of the nervous system.
• The spinal cord connects to the brain through the medulla oblongata, which controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate.
• Nerves are bundles of axons that transmit impulses from one part of the body to another.
• Neurons are specialized cells that carry out nerve impulse transmission.
• Nerves are bundles of axons that transmit electrical impulses throughout the body.
• The spinal cord extends from the base of the skull to the lumbar region, where it ends at the level of L1 or L2 vertebrae.
• Sensory neurons receive information about stimuli from sensory receptors and send it to the central nervous system (CNS).
• Motor neurons carry messages from the CNS to effectors, such as muscles or glands.
• Sensory neurons carry information about sensations from receptors to the central nervous system (CNS).
• The spinal cord also has reflex arcs that allow for rapid responses without involving higher centers in the brain.
• Sensory neurons receive information from sensory receptors and send it to the central nervous system (CNS).
• Neurons are specialized cells that conduct electrical signals throughout the nervous system.
• The spinal cord contains ascending tracts that carry sensory information upwards towards the brain, as well as descending tracts that transmit motor commands downward towards muscles.