Duck’s phase model

• What is a strength of Duck's phase model?

  It has real-world applications
• What does Duck's model emphasize regarding relationship breakdown?

  The importance of communication
• How might repair occur during the intrapsychic processes phase of Duck's model?

  By re-evaluating the partner's behavior positively
• What role do external parties play in the social processes phase of Duck's model?

  They may help partners patch up their differences
• Why is communication important at different stages of a relationship according to Duck's model?

  It provides clues for appropriate support from friends and family
• How can Duck's phase model be useful in repairing relationships?

  • It highlights the importance of communication
  • It suggests different repair strategies for each phase
  • It allows friends and family to provide appropriate support
• What question is raised about the effectiveness of communication in repairing relationships?

  Is communication at different stages definitely going to help repair relationships?
• What is a weakness of Duck's phase model?

  The research could be seen as unethical.
• What are the particular issues raised by carrying out research in sensitive areas?

  Vulnerability, privacy, and confidentiality.
• Why might participants experience distress during research on relationship breakdowns?

  They may revisit issues that led to their breakdown.
• Why is confidentiality particularly important for victims of abusive relationships in research?

  Because the issues are of an intensely personal nature.
• What ethical considerations must psychologists keep in mind when questioning vulnerable individuals about their trauma?

  Ensuring participants leave the study in the same way they entered.
• What should psychologists consider regarding the interests of participants when exploring research questions on trauma?

  Whether they truly have the interests of the participants in mind.
• What might outweigh the benefits of carrying out research in sensitive areas?

  The costs and risks of carrying out the research.
• What is Duck's phase model related to?

  Relationship breakdown.
• What is the significance of ethical guidelines in psychological research?

  They ensure the protection and well-being of participants.
• What is a strength of Duck’s phase model?

  There are benefits of the grave-dressing phase.
• What did Monroe et al. (1999) find regarding students and romantic relationships?

  Students who experienced a breakup had a greater risk of developing major depressive disorder.
• How did Tashiro (2003) suggest individuals could feel better about ending a relationship?

  By focusing on how the situation, rather than their own flaws, was responsible for the breakup.
• Why is the research on grave-dressing important in the context of relationship breakdown?

  It supports the importance of the grave-dressing phase in dealing with aftereffects of breakups.
• What is a benefit of the grave-dressing phase according to the study material?

  Individuals can create stories that downplay their role in the breakup, protecting their psychological well-being.
• What is one clear benefit of Duck’s phase model mentioned in the study material?

  It helps reduce depression after a breakup.
• What is a weakness of Duck's phase model?

  It is only applicable to individualist cultures
• According to E. Moghaddam (1993), how are relationships in individualist cultures characterized?

  They are generally voluntary and frequently come to an end
• How do relationships in collectivist cultures differ from those in individualist cultures?

  They tend to be obligatory, less easy to end, and often arranged
• Why is it significant that Duck's phase model may not apply to all cultures?

  Because taboos around divorce may prevent people from discussing their problems
• What would happen to the grave dressing phase if a relationship does not end?

  It wouldn’t occur
• What does it mean for Duck's phase model to be culture-biased?

  • It is not a valid explanation for relationship breakdown in all cultures
  • It primarily reflects the dynamics of individualist cultures
  • It overlooks the complexities of collectivist cultures