NOMENCLATURE

• WHY IS THE SKELETAL FORMULA OF ETHENE A STRAIGHT LINE?

  • beginning of a line represents first carbon atom
  • end represents second carbon atom
  • hydrogens bonded to carbon are not shown
• WHAT IS A DISPLAYED FORMULA?

  representation of molecule that shows all the atoms and all the bonds
• WHEN CAN STEREOISOMERISM BE DENOTED BY CIS-TRANS IN ADDITION TO E/Z?

  when two of the substituent groups are the same
• WHAT IS AN ELIMINATION REACTION?

  when two substituents are removed from one starting molecule
• WHAT IS A HYDROLYSIS REACTION?

  where a water molecule adds to a starting material which then breaks up
• WHAT ARE STRUCTURAL ISOMERS?

  compounds with the same molecular formula but different displayed formulae
• CHARACTERISTICS OF A HOMOLOGUS SERIES?

  • same functional group
  • chemically similar/ react in same way
  • differ by CH2 (chain length)
  • graduation in physical properties/ specified trend (viscosity, flammability, boiling point, etc)