material deprivation

• external factors= factors outside school
• material deprivation

  • housing (temp housing)
  • overcrowding
  • mould
  • poor nutrition
  • resources
  • debt
• temp housing

  w/c children with temp housing may struggle to achieve due to their unstable environment and unfamiliar spaces due to constantly moving it may be different to find a place they feel comfortable enough to work in. In some temp housing they may not have the space to study
• overcrowding

  restricts young children's development (eg, learning how to walk), there is no privacy and children are exposed to noise and illness as it spreads quicker in cramped environments. Due to the noise children may struggle with concentration. Due to illness w/c students may miss more school than m/c students
• mould in homes


  can negatively affect students health such as breathing problems so they miss more school than m/c students
• poor nutrition


  poor nutrition can negatively affect low income students health, causing them to miss school more than m/c students who have access to nutritional food . teachers may perceive sugar highs as disruptive behaviour
• resources

  there is a hidden cost of education due to marketisation , eg) uniforms are branded and more expensive
• the hidden cost of education

  • school trips
  • uniform
  • stationary
  • transportation
• transportation


  low income students may miss school due to this
• school trips


  w/c children may experience social exclusion if they can go and feel isolated
• debt


  low income families may fear debt as they don't have the financial stability to get out of it. debt is a risk.
• middle class families view debt as an investment for their child. Debt is normalised as there is a greater reward
• due to an unstable work life for some low income famillies w/c students are less likely to go into higher education
• evaluation of material deprivation


  it doesn't consider interal factors and their impact on educational achievement.

  the governement has put in compensatory polices (FSM)

  some argue that cultural deprivation has a bigger impact on educational achievement