Globalisation

• What has caused globalisation?

  • Trade
  • Travel
  • Technology
• Trade, Travel and Technology

  • Transnational Corporations (TNCs) produce their goods in multiple countries, and often outsource manufacturing to developing countries.
  • Usually to find the cheapest labour.
  • Many goods are now electronic, and digital payment systems allow payment around the world.
  • "The Electronic Economy"
  • Time and Space compression; the growth of global communication systems.
  • Transport technologies allow people to move across the globe to more destinations than ever before.
• The Impact of Globalisation

  • Political changes
  • The growth of international governance structures e.g. the UN, the EU, NATO.
  • The growth of non-governing organisations e.g. OXFAM, Medecins Sans Frontiers.
  • Problems such as climate change leads to collaboration between countries.
  • Economic changes
  • The emergence of global financial markets e.g. the World Bank, the World Trade Organisation.
  • TNCs.
  • Global commodity chains.
  • The Global Electronic Economy.
• The impact of Globalisation

  • Cultural Changes
  • Global communications systems have reduced time and space for people across the world.
  • Sport, music, film etc. have brought people together and led to the spread of culture.
  • Westernisation/Americanisation.
  • Bollywood.
  • Increased food and restaurant varieties.
  • Global consumption patterns.
  • A global consciousness.
  • Migration.