germany unit 3:consolidation of power 1933-34

• What event occurred on 28th February 1933 in Germany?

  Emergency powers were granted to Hitler.
• Why did Hitler petition Hindenburg on 28th February 1933?

  To limit civil liberties while pursuing those responsible for the Reichstag fire.
• What article did Hindenburg use to grant Hitler emergency powers?

  Article 48.
• When did Hindenburg die?

  2 August 1934.
• What did Goebbels arrange for the German population by 1939?

  Cheap mass-produced radios for Nazi propaganda broadcasts.
• What percentage of German households had a radio by 1939?

  70%.
• What event took place on 10th May 1933?

  Book burning by students from Humboldt University.
• What types of books were burned during the event on 10th May 1933?

  Books written by authors disapproved by the Nazis, including Jewish authors.
• What did the army swear loyalty to after the Weimar Republic was destroyed?

  To Hitler personally, not to Germany.
• When did the army oath event occur?

  21st August 1934.
• When did the first concentration camps open?

  March 1933.
• What was the purpose of the concentration camps established in March 1933?

  To systematically persecute political opponents and enemies of the Nazis.
• What were the names of two early concentration camps?

  Dachau and Sachsenhausen.
• What title did Hitler assume on 2nd August 1934?

  Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor of the German Reich.
• What did Hitler do after Hindenburg's death regarding the Communist party?

  He banned the Communist party.
• When was the general election that followed Hindenburg's death?

  5th March 1933.
• What was the outcome of the general election on 5th March 1933?

  The Nazis won 44% of the seats in the German parliament.
• What did Hitler force existing parties to do regarding the Enabling Act?

  To sign away their right to challenge his actions.
• When was the issue of the formation of new parties resolved?

  July 1933.
• What happened to the leaders of the S.A. on 30th June 1934?

  They were assassinated by Hitler.
• Who were some prominent victims of the Night of the Long Knives?

  Ernst Rohm, Gustav Ritter von Kahr, and Gregor Strasser.
• What was the agreement made in the Papal Concordat on 20th July 1933?

  Hitler would leave Catholic Churches alone if they stayed out of politics.
• Who led a breakaway group from the Reich Church in 1934?

  Niemoller.
• What significant event occurred during the Berlin Olympics despite Hitler's theories?

  Jesse Owens' races mocked Hitler's theories of Aryan race superiority.
• Who filmed the Berlin Olympics?

  Leni Riefenstahl.
• What was the purpose of the Enabling Act passed on 2nd March 1933?

  To give Hitler dictatorial powers.
• What pretext did Hitler use to silence other political parties?

  The Reichstag fire.
• When were Trade Unions banned in Germany?

  May 1933.
• What organization replaced the banned Trade Unions?

  The DAF (German Labour Front).
• How did Hitler manipulate people's concerns to gain support?

  By exploiting fears about unemployment and banning Trade Unions and political parties.
• What were the key events leading to Hitler's rise to power in Germany?

  • Emergency powers granted on 28th February 1933
  • Reichstag fire used as pretext for silencing opposition
  • Enabling Act passed on 2nd March 1933
  • Hindenburg's death on 2nd August 1934
  • Banning of the Communist party and other political parties
  • Establishment of concentration camps in March 1933
  • Night of the Long Knives on 30th June 1934
• What were the methods used by the Nazis to control the German population?

  • Propaganda through mass-produced radios
  • Book burning to suppress dissent
  • Banning of Trade Unions and political parties
  • Establishment of the DAF to control labor
  • Manipulation of public concerns, especially unemployment