Marxism

Cards (24)

  • What is the main focus of Marxism?
    Class conflict in capitalist society
  • Who are the two main classes in Marxism?
    Bourgeoisie and proletariat
  • How does the ruling class exploit the working class according to Marx?
    By paying low wages and demanding long hours
  • What resources do the ruling class control in Marxism?
    Forces of production like factories and machinery
  • What do the proletariat seek in a capitalist society?
    To earn enough money for goods
  • What is the nature of class conflict in Marxism?
    Complex, beyond profit versus wages
  • Who is the primary theorist associated with Marxism?
    Karl Marx
  • How long ago were Marx's ideas developed?
    Over 150 years ago
  • What is neo-Marxism?
    A contemporary update on Marxist ideas
  • How does Gramsci's concept of hegemony function?
    Through institutions passing hegemonic ideas
  • What is dual consciousness according to Gramsci?
    Aware of exploitation yet conforming
  • How does Althusser's structural Marxism differ from traditional Marxism?
    Focuses on methods of control by ruling class
  • What are the two apparatuses Althusser describes?
    Ideological state apparatus and repressive state apparatus
  • What role does the ideological state apparatus play?
    Alters thinking to prevent challenges
  • What is the repressive state apparatus used for?
    Coercion and physical control
  • What criticism do Marxism and neo-Marxism face?
    Being deterministic socially and economically
  • What does the term 'cultural dopes' refer to in Marxism?
    People unaware of their exploitation
  • How does Weber's view differ from Marx's regarding class structure?
    Weber suggests expansion of the middle class
  • What is a significant outcome of Marx's ideas in contemporary society?
    Influence on democratic socialism
  • How does globalization relate to Marx's theories?
    Concentrates wealth into fewer hands
  • What are the key concepts of Marxism?
    • Class conflict between bourgeoisie and proletariat
    • Exploitation of labor for profit
    • Control of infrastructure and superstructure
    • Alienation of workers from their labor
  • What are the criticisms of Marxism and neo-Marxism?
    • Deterministic views on society and economy
    • Assumption of people as cultural dopes
    • Economic determinism ignoring other factors
  • How do Gramsci and Althusser expand on Marxist theory?
    • Gramsci: Concept of hegemony and dual consciousness
    • Althusser: Structural Marxism and state apparatuses
  • What is the relevance of Marxism today?
    • Critique of capitalist society
    • Influence on political ideologies
    • Adaptation to modern economic crises