control of blood glucose concentration

• What hormone is used to control blood glucose concentration?

  Insulin
• What is the role of insulin in blood glucose control?

  Insulin triggers body cells to take up glucose and store it as glycogen
• How does Type 1 diabetes affect insulin production?

  The pancreas does not produce enough insulin
• How does blood glucose concentration change in a person with Type 1 diabetes after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

  It rises and stays at a high level
• What do people with Type 1 diabetes do to manage their condition?

  They monitor their blood glucose and inject insulin when necessary
• How does Type 2 diabetes differ from Type 1 diabetes in terms of insulin response?

  Body cells stop responding to insulin produced by the pancreas
• What dietary changes are recommended for managing Type 2 diabetes?

  A diet with a controlled level of carbohydrates
• What is a major risk factor for developing Type 2 diabetes?

  Obesity
• What happens to blood glucose concentration when it falls between meals?

  The pancreas releases glucagon into the bloodstream
• What effect does glucagon have on the liver?

  It triggers liver cells to convert glycogen back to glucose
• How do insulin and glucagon work together to maintain blood glucose levels?

  They form a negative feedback cycle
• What is homeostasis in relation to blood glucose concentration?

  • Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment.
  • Blood glucose concentration is kept constant through the actions of insulin and glucagon.
• What are the effects of insulin and glucagon on blood glucose concentration?

  • Insulin lowers blood glucose concentration by promoting glucose uptake and storage.
  • Glucagon raises blood glucose concentration by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
• What is the significance of the graph comparing blood glucose levels in individuals with and without diabetes?

  • It illustrates how insulin effectively regulates blood glucose in non-diabetic individuals.
  • It shows the inability of insulin to regulate blood glucose in individuals with Type 1 diabetes.
• What lifestyle changes can help manage Type 2 diabetes?

  • Controlled carbohydrate intake
  • Regular exercise
  • Weight management
• What is the role of the pancreas in blood glucose regulation?

  • Monitors blood glucose levels.
  • Releases insulin when glucose levels rise.
  • Releases glucagon when glucose levels fall.