C&E

• What economic system is characterized by the belief that a nation's wealth is best served by increasing exports and collecting precious metals?

  Mercantilism
• What was the name of the trading post empire that included Manila?

  Trading post empire Manila
• Who was the Portuguese prince known for his role in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and exploration?

  Prince Henry the Navigator
• What type of ships were primarily used for long-distance maritime trade during the Age of Exploration?

  Galleons
• Who is credited with the discovery of the Americas in 1492?

  Christopher Columbus
• Which explorer was the first to round the southern tip of Africa?

  Bartholomew Diaz
• Who was the first European to reach India by sea, linking Europe and Asia via the ocean?

  Vasco Da Gama
• Which explorer is known for leading the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe?

  Ferdinand Magellan
• What was the name of the sea route sought by explorers to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?

  Northwest passage
• Which French explorer is known for claiming Canada for France?

  Jacques Cartier
• Who founded the first permanent French settlement in North America?

  Samuel de Champlain
• Which explorer is known for his voyages to North America and is credited with discovering Newfoundland?

  John Cabot
• Who explored the Hudson River and has a river and a bay named after him?

  Henry Hudson
• What was the name of the French colony established in Canada?

  Quebec
• What was the name of the French colonial territory in North America?

  New France
• Who were the key explorers and their sponsoring empires in the transoceanic voyages?

  • Zheng He: China
  • John Cabot: England
  • Vasco da Gama: Portugal
  • Christopher Columbus: Spain
  • Ferdinand Magellan: Spain
• What was the purpose of Zheng He's voyages?

  To open up trade networks with India, Arabia, and Africa and to spread Chinese culture
• What was John Cabot's goal during his voyage?

  To claim land in Canada for Britain and establish a shorter route across the Atlantic
• What was Vasco da Gama's main objective?

  To open a sea route from Europe to India and China
• What did Christopher Columbus aim to achieve with his voyages?

  To find a sea route to India and China going west from Europe
• What was the impact of Ferdinand Magellan's voyages?

  He demonstrated that Europeans could reach Asia by sailing west
• What were the impacts of the key transoceanic voyages on the sponsoring empires?

  • China: Decided not to continue exploring
  • England: Claimed land in Canada and established a shorter Atlantic route
  • Portugal: Expanded trade and cultural exchange with India
  • Spain: Led exploration and colonization of the Americas and established links between the Americas and Asia
• Who did the Dutch send to explore the East Coast of North America in 1609?

  Henry Hudson
• What was one of Henry Hudson's notable achievements during his exploration?

  He sailed up what became known as the Hudson River
• What was Henry Hudson searching for during his exploration?

  He was searching for a northwest passage to Asia
• What was the significance of the northwest passage that Hudson was searching for?

  It offered the possibility of being only half the distance of a route around South America
• What did Hudson find instead of the northwest passage?

  He found no northwest passage
• What did Hudson's explorations lead to for the Dutch?

  They claimed the Hudson River Valley and the island of Manhattan
• What was the name of the community settled by the Dutch on the island of Manhattan?

  New Amsterdam
• What is New Amsterdam known as today?

  New York City
• Why did New Amsterdam prosper as a port town?

  It was located where a major river flowed into the ocean
• How did New Amsterdam fit into the Dutch transatlantic trade network?

  It became an important node in the trade network
• What types of goods did Dutch merchants buy from trappers?

  They bought furs from trappers
• From where did Dutch merchants purchase crops?

  They purchased crops from lands to the south, particularly tobacco from Virginia planters
• What did the Dutch send to the Netherlands in exchange for manufactured goods?

  They sent goods like furs and crops
• How did the goods exchanged by Dutch merchants impact colonial North America?

  They could sell manufactured goods throughout colonial North America
• What were the key outcomes of Henry Hudson's exploration for the Dutch?

  • Claimed the Hudson River Valley
  • Claimed the island of Manhattan
  • Established the community of New Amsterdam (now New York City)
  • Integrated into the Dutch transatlantic trade network
• What role did New Amsterdam play in the Dutch economy?

  • Important node in trade network
  • Facilitated trade of furs and crops
  • Enabled exchange of goods with the Netherlands
• Which nation led the way in European exploration and maritime innovations?

  Portugal
• Why could Portugal only expand overseas?

  Because it was bounded on the east by the Spanish kingdoms of Castile and Aragon