Plant defences

• what are some physical defences plants use to prevent pathogens entering?


  leaves with waxy cuticle

  cell wall

  production of callose

  Abscission
• what are some chemical defences plants use to prevent pathogens spreading?


  produce antimicrobial chemicals (antibodies) - inhibit pathogen growth

  Saponins - destroy cell membrane

  Phytoalexins - inhibit growth of pathogens

  Chitinases - break glycosidic bonds in chitin

  secrete toxins to insects