Culture

• What intellectual movement had little impression on England during Henry's reign?

  Humanism
• How did humanists view traditional medieval scholastic philosophy?

  They considered it to be old fashioned
• What were the developments in education during Henry VII's reign?

  • Widening educational opportunities
  • Establishment of 'Song schools' and 'reading schools'
  • 53 new grammar schools from 1460-1509
  • Access to education depended on proximity and wealth
• What language was central to the grammar school curriculum?

  Latin
• What was the significance of Magdalen College School in the 1480s?

  It saw the beginnings of a humanistic approach
• Which two ancient universities were central to university education during this period?

  Cambridge and Oxford
• What was the most important popular art form during this time?

  • Drama
  • Presented at church-ale festivals
  • Famous dramas included mystery plays at Corpus Christi feasts
• What were the mystery plays performed by guilds during the feasts of Corpus Christi?

  They were the most famous dramas of the time
• What types of music were enjoyed in the 15th century?

  Local bagpipe and wind groups, as well as choral pieces in cathedrals
• How did music evolve during the Renaissance period?

  • Transition from single line chants to polyphonic choral music
  • Reflects the beginnings of Renaissance music
• What is the most famous surviving source for music from this period?

  The Eton Choirbook
• Who were the two most important composers represented in the Eton Choirbook?

  Thomas Browne and Robert Fayrfax
• What type of music was performed at court or in wealthy homes?

  Music using instruments like trumpets, shawms, and sackbuts
• What types of songs did Browne and Fayrfax compose?

  • Secular songs
  • Used for entertainment
• What architectural style was prevalent during Henry VII's reign?

  • Gothic perpendicular style
  • Massive building and rebuilding of parish churches
  • Approved for the Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey in 1502
• Who established a printing press in 1478 and what did he print?

  William Caxton; chivalric romances and adaptations of saints' lives