Earthquakes & Volcanoes

    Cards (21)

    • Movement caused by earthquakes
      Plate movement, stress buildup, and fault movement
    • Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
      Where plates meet
    • What happens at destructive plate margins?
      • Denser oceanic plate moves down into the mantle
      • Melts and forms magma
      • Magma rises through vents to form a volcano
    • How do volcanoes form at constructive plate margins?
      • Magma rises into the gap created by moving apart plates
      • Forms a volcano
    • What are hotspots in relation to volcanoes?
      Areas in the mantle that are really hot
    • What do volcanoes emit when they erupt?
      Lava and gas
    • What can ash emitted by volcanoes cause?
      Cover land, block out the sun
    • What are pyroclastic flows?
      Super heated currents of gas, ash, and rock
    • How do earthquakes occur at different plate margins?
      • Destructive margins: pressure builds as one plate is forced down
      • Constructive margins: tension builds as plates move apart
      • Conservative margins: tension builds when plates grind past each other
    • What happens when plates jerk past one another?
      They send out shock waves
    • What is the focus of an earthquake?
      The point where the earthquake starts
    • What is the epicenter of an earthquake?
      The point on the surface above the focus
    • How are earthquakes measured?
      Using the moment magnitude scale
    • What does the moment magnitude scale measure?
      • Measures the amount of energy released
      • Indicates the magnitude of the earthquake
    • What is significant about the logarithmic scale of the moment magnitude scale?
      A magnitude 7 causes ten times more shaking than 6
    • What damage do earthquakes of magnitude 6 and below typically cause?
      Slight damage to buildings
    • What can earthquakes of magnitude 7 and above cause?
      Major damage and deaths
    • What should you know about tectonic hazards?
      • Know how and where they form
      • No need to draw maps
    • What are the three types of plate margins?
      • Destructive margins
      • Constructive margins
      • Conservative margins
    • What is the role of pressure in earthquakes?
      Pressure builds up at plate margins
    • How does the moment magnitude scale differ from the Richter scale?
      Moment magnitude measures energy, Richter does not