Localisation of function in the brain

    Cards (15)

    • What is the theory regarding different areas of the brain?
      Different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours, processes, or activities.
    • How is the brain structurally organized?
      The brain is divided into two hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum.
    • What cognitive functions are believed to be managed by the left hemisphere?
      The left hemisphere is responsible for attention, processing of visual shapes and patterns, and emotions.
    • What are the four lobes of the brain and their primary functions?
      • Frontal lobe: Thinking and working memory
      • Temporal lobe: Contains auditory cortex and some forms of memory
      • Parietal lobe: Responsible for balance, pain, and temperature
      • Occipital lobe: Contains the visual cortex
    • What is the function of the motor area in the brain?
      The motor area regulates movement and is located in the posterior part of the frontal lobe.
    • What does the somatosensory area do?
      The somatosensory area processes sensory information such as touch and is located in the parietal lobe.
    • Where is Broca's area located and what is its function?
      Broca's area is located in the posterior part of the frontal lobe and is responsible for speech production.
    • What is the function of Wernicke's area?
      Wernicke's area is responsible for language comprehension and is located in the temporal lobe.
    • What did the initial research by Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke reveal about language centers in the brain?
      • Language centers are predominantly focused in the left hemisphere.
      • Broca's area is responsible for speech production.
      • Wernicke's area is responsible for speech comprehension.
    • What did Petersen et al. (1988) demonstrate using fMRI brain scans?
      Petersen et al. demonstrated that Wernicke's area was active during a listening task and Broca's area was active during a reading task.
    • What does research into cortical remapping suggest?
      Cortical remapping suggests that areas of the brain near an injury can adopt the functions of damaged areas like Broca's or Wernicke's.
    • What does Lashley's research suggest about higher cognitive functions?
      • Higher cognitive functions are not localized but distributed holistically in the brain.
      • No specific area was more important for learning in rats.
      • Learning requires multiple regions of the brain to synthesize information.
    • What was a limitation of Lashley's research on rats?
      A limitation was that it was conducted using animals, making it cautious to generalize to humans.
    • What did Hubel and Wiesel's study reveal about the visual cortex?
      • The visual cortex associated with a shut eye was not idle.
      • It continued to process information from the open eye.
      • This indicates brain adaptability and plasticity.
    • What caution should be taken when generalizing Hubel and Wiesel's findings?
      One should be cautious when generalizing findings from animal studies to humans.
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