Procedures: In the STM study, participants were asked immediately after presentation, to recall, in serial order, a list of five words taken from a pool of words in the following categories.
acousticallysimilar words, (eg man, mad, map): Words that sound the same
acousticallydissimilar words (eg pen, day few): Words that sound different
semanticallysimilar words (eg great, big, large): Words that have the same meaning
semanticallydissimilar words (eg hot, old, late): Words that have a different meaning
In the LTM study, each list of words was extended to ten, and recall was tested after an interval of twenty minutes.