MA. IRMA BUSTAMANTE

• What degree did Ma. Irma Bustamante finish at the University of Santo Tomas?

  Bachelor of Science in Nursing
• What is Ma. Irma Bustamante's major in her master's degree?

  Maternal and Child Health
• Where did Ma. Irma Bustamante obtain her Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing?

  University of the Philippines
• What roles does Ma. Irma Bustamante fulfill in her profession?

  Educator, counselor, writer, consultant, researcher
• What is the main focus of the SELF-ESTEEM ENHANCEMENT (nurSE) PROGRAM?

  To help Filipino abused women
• In which countries has Ma. Irma Bustamante spoken at conferences?

  USA and other countries
• What social problem does the SELF-ESTEEM ENHANCEMENT program address?

  Women abuse
• What are the key frameworks used in the study of women abuse?

  Critical social theory and feminist principles
• What types of abuse are identified in the study?

  • Physical abuse
  • Emotional abuse
  • Sexual abuse
  • Economic abuse
  • Spiritual or religious abuse
  • Neglect
• What is an example of physical abuse?

  Slapping or kicking the victim
• How does emotional abuse impact women?

  It undermines self-worth and causes psychological effects
• What is an example of sexual abuse?

  Marital rape
• What constitutes economic abuse?

  Lack of financial support and forced debt
• What is neglect in the context of abuse?

  Failure to provide necessary care or supervision
• According to Coopersmith (1981), what is self-esteem?

  Customary evaluation of oneself
• What are the consequences of low self-esteem?

  Linked with poor mental health and anxiety
• What are the assumptions of the NURSE program?

  • Filipino women's perceptions of womanhood vary
  • The program can help enhance self-esteem
  • It assists women in taking action for themselves
• What frameworks were used to test the theory?

  Jurgen Habermas’ Critical Social Theory and feminism
• What methodological approach was used in the study?

  Sequential methodological triangulation
• What are the assertions made about Filipino women's views on womanhood?

  • Essence of womanhood is being a good mother and wife
  • Women feel subservient to husbands
  • Abuse is perceived as wrong but women feel powerless
• What was the level of self-esteem among Filipino women measured in the study?

  Moderate
• What was found regarding the relationship between women's roles and self-esteem?

  No relationship was found
• What are the major principles in the feminist belief system?

  1. Women’s oppression
  2. The person is political
  3. Consciousness raising
• What did respondents feel about the occurrence of abuse?

  They felt they could do little about it
• What was the significant difference found in self-esteem after the intervention?

  Increased self-esteem in the study group
• What was the outcome for the control group after four weeks?

  No significant difference in self-esteem
• What could predict an increase in self-esteem?

  The presence of the intervention measure
• What are the goals of the NURSE program for Filipino abused women?

  • Promote women empowerment
  • Raise awareness for gender equality
  • Enhance self-esteem and eradicate abuse
• What are the definitions in the metaparadigm of the theory?

  • Person: Main study component, especially women
  • Health: Development of psychological well-being
  • Environment: External factors not emphasized
  • Nursing: Enhance psychological well-being
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the theory?

  Strengths:

  • Promotes women's rights and gender equality
  • Increases women's self-esteem

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Focuses only on psychological aspects
  • Lacks a holistic viewpoint
• What impact has the theory had on nursing?

  • Respect for women in nursing
  • Awareness of gender equality
  • Empowerment of women in the field
• What is the current status of the theory?

  Widely used and recognized worldwide
• What cultural influences affect women's roles and perceptions of violence?

  • Strong societal norms uphold traditional roles
  • Violence is often culturally tolerated
• What values are echoed in society regarding femininity?

  • Men as heads of households
  • Ideal femininity as a stay-at-home mother
• What happens to women socialized to internalize traditional values?

  They preserve and uphold these values