Biology - cell structure

    Cards (21)

    • What are cells considered in biology?

      The basic building blocks of life
    • What is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently?
      A cell
    • How do bacteria reproduce when they divide?
      Each division produces a whole new organism
    • What does multicellular mean in the context of animals and plants?
      They contain many cells
    • How many types of cells does an adult human contain approximately?
      Over 40 trillion cells
    • What are the main subcellular structures found in both animal and plant cells?
      • Cell membrane
      • Nucleus
      • Cytoplasm
      • Mitochondria
      • Ribosomes
    • What is the function of the cell membrane?
      Controls substances passing in and out
    • What does the nucleus contain?
      The genetic material or DNA
    • What is cytoplasm's role in a cell?
      Where chemical reactions take place
    • What is the primary function of mitochondria?
      Provide energy through aerobic respiration
    • What do ribosomes do in a cell?
      Site of protein synthesis
    • What are the additional structures found in plant cells that are not in animal cells?
      • Rigid cell wall made of cellulose
      • Permanent vacuole containing cell sap
      • Chloroplasts for photosynthesis
    • What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
      Provides support and structure
    • What does the permanent vacuole contain?
      Cell sap, a mixture of sugars, salts, and water
    • What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?
      Site of photosynthesis
    • What green substance do chloroplasts contain?
      Chlorophyll
    • What do bacterial cells lack compared to eukaryotic cells?
      Mitochondria and chloroplasts
    • What is the genetic material in bacterial cells called?
      A single circular strand of DNA
    • What are plasmids in bacterial cells?
      Small rings of DNA carrying extra genes
    • What are flagella in bacteria used for?
      To propel the bacteria for movement
    • What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
      Prokaryotic cells:
      • Unicellular
      • No nucleus
      • No mitochondria or chloroplasts

      Eukaryotic cells:
      • Multicellular
      • Have a nucleus
      • Contain mitochondria and chloroplasts
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