yr10

• What is involved in ionic bonding?

  A metal atom transfers electrons to a non-metal
• What do we call the ions formed in ionic bonding?

  Oppositely charged ions
• How do ionic compounds form their structure?

  Positive and negative ions alternate in a lattice
• What is the term for the three-dimensional structures of ionic compounds?

  Regular lattice structures
• What are two key properties of ionic compounds?

  High melting and boiling points
• When can ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  When melted or dissolved in water
• What determines the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?

  The strength of the ionic bonds
• Why can't solid ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  Charged particles are fixed in place
• What is the formula for sodium chloride?

  NaCl
• How does magnesium chloride differ from sodium chloride?

  Magnesium has a two plus charge
• What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

  MgCl$_2$
• What is the charge of a hydroxide ion?

  One minus
• What is the charge of a sulfate ion?

  Two minus
• What type of bond do particles form through ionic bonding?

  Ionic bonds
• How are ions formed from atoms?

  Atoms lose or gain electrons
• What happens to a sodium atom to form a sodium ion?

  It loses one electron
• Why does a sodium atom need to lose an electron?

  To achieve stability with a full outer shell
• What is the equation for chlorine forming a chloride ion?

  Chlorine + electron → chloride ion
• What do square brackets around ions indicate?

  They denote the ion's charge
• What is the nature of the charges on ions that form ionic bonds?

  They have opposite charges
• What is the force that holds ionic compounds together?

  Ionic bond
• How does the strength of ionic bonds compare to covalent bonds?

  They are similar in strength
• What is a dot and cross diagram used for?

  To represent ionic bonding
• How are electrons represented in a dot and cross diagram?

  As dots and crosses
• What should you show to indicate the movement of electrons in a diagram?

  Use an arrow
• What is the focus when drawing dot and cross diagrams?

  Show which electrons belong to which atom
• What is the outermost shell of an atom?

  The highest energy level of electrons
• What happens to magnesium when it forms an ionic bond with chlorine?

  It loses two electrons
• How many chloride ions are formed from one magnesium atom in magnesium chloride?

  Two chloride ions
• How are the ions arranged in a dot and cross diagram for MgCl₂?

  Chlorides are on either side of magnesium
• What is the charge of a magnesium ion in MgCl₂?

  2+
• What is the charge of a chloride ion?

  1-
• Why do electrons move from magnesium to chlorine in ionic bonding?

  To achieve full outer shells
• What is the significance of having full outer shells in ionic bonding?

  It leads to stability of ions
• What is the role of electrostatic forces in ionic bonding?

  They attract oppositely charged ions
• What is the visual representation of ionic bonding called?

  Dot and cross diagram
• What is the main characteristic of ionic compounds?

  They consist of oppositely charged ions
• How does the electron transfer process occur in ionic bonding?

  Electrons move from metals to non-metals