1500-1700 📜

• What was the population of England in 1500 compared to 1700?

  1500: 2.5 mil

  1700: 5.5 mil
• Because of growth in towns, there were more crimes like .... and .....? 15-1700

  Theft and fraud
• What year were the Heresy Laws signed?

  1553 Heresy Laws
• What year was the Act of Uniformity?

  1559
• What year was the Vagrancy Act, and what did it state?15-1700

  1547, able bodied vagabonds without work for more than 3 days were to be branded with a V and sold as a slave for 2 years
• What year were the Poor Laws? What did they say?15-1700

  1601, local parishes were to provide relief for the 'deserving poor'. 'Undeserving poor' could be branded, whipped or sent to a house of correction
• What act made hunting or fishing on enclosed land illegal?15-1700

  1671 Game Act
• In 17th century, import duties on alcohol and tea were introduced. What crime did this lead to?


  Smuggling
• What did Oliver Cromwell decriminalise? 15-1700

  Recusancy
• What were town constables? 15-1700

  -employed to stop criminals and round up sturdy beggars

  -oversaw work of night watchmen
• What were night watchmen? 15-1700

  -all householders took turns

  -patrol local area at night

  -unpaid volunteers
• What were thei takers? Who was a famous one? 15-1700

  -paid a reward for catching criminal

  -exploited by gangs

  -infamous Jonathan Wild executed in 1725
• What were heretics punished by?

  Burning at the stake
• What were the prisons like 15-1700?

  -considered a holding area

  -pay prison wardens for basics

  -died of typhus often
• When was the house of correction opened? What did they do? 15-1700

  1556, inmates did hard labour
• How many crimes were punishable by death (capital crimes) by 1688?

  50, including minor crimes like poaching
• Because there were so many capital crimes, a lot of .... were given, which led to a confusing message?15-1700

  pardons
• What was transportation? 15-1700

  -deterrent punishment

  -manual labour in North America

  -14 or 7 years
• Why was transportation introduced? 15-1700

  -potential rehabilitation

  -England didn't have effective prison system
• What were the 3 punishment pathways 15-1700?

  retribution

  deterrence

  rehabilitation