Study Guide

• Where does light dependent reaction take place

  Thylakoids of the chloroplasts
• Chloroplasts contain green pigments called chlorophyll
• What are the units of light energy called


  photons
• What do photons hit, and what happens when they hit them 


  Photons hit photosystem 2 and 1, causing the electrons in the photosynthetic units get energized and move to a higher energy level
• What does photolysis form 


  H+, O2, e-
• What is given off to the atmosphere as waste during photolysis 


  O2
• The electron is used to replace the lost electron in PS 2, and the H+ ion combines with NADP+ to make one of the two intermediates, NADPH
• How do electrons move from one photosystem to another


  Through a set of stairs, also known as an electron transport chain
• How is a concentration gradient formed 


  The energy being released by these electrons as they tumble down is used to pump H+ inside the thylakoid
• Chemiosmosis 


  AS H+ diffuse through the ATP synthase they generate energy
• Phosphorylation 


  Energy from chemiosmosis is used to attach a phosphorus to ADP to form ATP
• What are the final products of the Light dependent reactions


  ATP and NADPH
• Where does the light independent reaction take place? 


  Stroma
• In the Calvin cycle, CO2 from the atmosphere joins a 5C compound called RuBP
• 6 carbon sugars are unstable
• When the sugar breaks up, it eventually is made into glucose
• NADPH isn’t oxidized in the light independent reaction
• Water does undergo phosphorylation in the light reaction
• Photosynthesis is an endothermic/ endergonic reaction