Nematodes

Cards (137)

  • What are nematodes commonly referred to as?
    White worms
  • What is a key characteristic of nematodes?
    They are not segmented
  • What covers nematodes?
    A cuticle secreted by hypodermis
  • How does the cuticle of nematodes grow?
    It grows as the worm grows
  • How are the sexes of nematodes described?
    They are separate
  • How do male nematodes find females?
    Using pheromones
  • How do male nematode sperm move?
    By pseudopodia
  • What is a notable feature of most nematodes?
    They are slender with few characteristics
  • What diseases are nematodes known to cause?
    Debilitating and disfiguring diseases
  • What phylum do nematodes belong to?
    Nematoda
  • How numerous are nematodes on Earth?
    Most numerous animals on Earth
  • How many nematodes can be found in a rotting apple?
    90,000
  • How many nematodes can be found in 6.7 ml of coastal mud?
    1,074
  • How many nematodes are estimated per acre in good farmland?
    9 billion
  • What can parasitic infections from nematodes be described as?
    Enormous
  • How do nematodes compare to other phyla in terms of species?
    More species than any other phylum
  • What is true about insects and nematodes?
    Every insect studied has a nematode parasite
  • Where do nematodes live?
    Every habitat including marine and terrestrial
  • What is a pseudocoelom?
    A fluid-filled cavity forming a hydrostatic skeleton
  • What type of nervous system do nematodes have?
    A simple nervous system
  • What are sensory organs in nematodes called?
    Phasmids and amphids
  • How many juvenile stages do nematodes have?
    Four juvenile stages
  • What are the juvenile stages of nematodes called?
    J1, J2, J3, J4
  • What separates the juvenile stages of nematodes?
    A molt of the cuticle
  • Which juvenile stage usually enters the definitive host?
    J3
  • What is eutely in nematodes?
    Constant number of somatic cells after embryogenesis
  • What happens to the cells in nematodes after embryogenesis?
    The cells grow larger
  • What varies by species in nematodes?
    The number of cells in ovaries/testes
  • What are the two classes of nematodes?
    1. Aphasmidia and C. Phasmidia
  • What is a characteristic of Class Aphasmidia?
    Amphids are usually well-developed
  • What type of esophagus do nematodes in Class Aphasmidia possess?
    Cylindrical esophagus
  • Who is the definitive host for Trichuris trichiura?
    Humans
  • What is Trichuris trichiura commonly known as?
    Whipworm
  • What is the intermediate host for Trichuris trichiura?

    None
  • What animals can act as transport hosts for Trichuris trichiura?
    Pigs and chickens
  • What is the geographic distribution of Trichuris trichiura?
    Cosmopolitan in warm climates
  • Where does Trichuris trichiura locate in the host?
    Large intestine
  • How does Trichuris trichiura transmit?
    Ingestion of embryonated eggs
  • What conditions are required for Trichuris trichiura eggs to develop?
    High humidity, warm climate, and shade
  • What are the symptoms of large infections of Trichuris trichiura?
    Diarrhea, bloody stool, abdominal pain