Control Of Blood Glucose Concentration

• What hormone is used to control blood glucose concentration?

  Insulin
• What are the two types of diabetes?

  Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes
• How does insulin affect blood glucose levels after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

  It triggers cells to take up glucose
• What happens to blood glucose concentration after insulin is released?

  It returns to normal levels
• What is the storage molecule for excess glucose?

  Glycogen
• What is the main issue in type 1 diabetes?

  The pancreas does not produce enough insulin
• How does blood glucose concentration differ between a person with type 1 diabetes and a healthy person after a meal?

  It remains high in type 1 diabetes
• How do people with type 1 diabetes manage their condition?

  They monitor blood glucose and inject insulin
• What is the main problem in type 2 diabetes?

  Body cells stop responding to insulin
• How is type 2 diabetes often treated?

  With a controlled carbohydrate diet
• What is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

  Obesity
• What hormone is released when blood glucose concentration falls?

  Glucagon
• What effect does glucagon have on glycogen stores?

  It converts glycogen back to glucose
• How do insulin and glucagon work together in blood glucose regulation?

  They form a negative feedback cycle
• What is the process of blood glucose regulation?

  • After a meal, blood glucose rises
  • Pancreas releases insulin
  • Insulin triggers glucose uptake by cells
  • Excess glucose stored as glycogen
  • Blood glucose returns to normal
  • If blood glucose falls, pancreas releases glucagon
  • Glucagon converts glycogen back to glucose
  • Blood glucose returns to normal
• What are the symptoms and management strategies for type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

  Type 1 Diabetes:

  • Symptoms: High blood glucose levels
  • Management: Monitor glucose, inject insulin

  
  

  Type 2 Diabetes:

  • Symptoms: High blood glucose levels
  • Management: Controlled diet, exercise