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GCSE BIOLOGY
PAPER 2
The Kidneys
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Emily Woodford
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Cards (26)
What should you be able to describe by the end of this video?
The ways water leaves the
human body
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What is the role of the kidney in the body?
Maintaining the
concentration
of substances in blood
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What should higher tier students explain regarding amino acids?
How
the
body
deals
with
excess amino acids
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What process involves the diffusion of water through a membrane?
Osmosis
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Why is it important to maintain water levels in the blood?
To ensure
cells
work
efficiently
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What happens if blood becomes too dilute?
Water moves into cells by
osmosis
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What occurs if blood becomes too concentrated?
Water moves out of cells by
osmosis
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How does the body take in water?
Through
food
and
drink
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How does the body lose water via the lungs?
When we
exhale
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What are the three ways the body can lose water?
Through
lungs
,
sweat
, and
kidneys
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What does sweating also contain besides water?
Ions
and
urea
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How does the body control water loss through urine?
By adjusting the amount produced by
kidneys
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What waste product do kidneys remove from the blood?
Urea
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What happens to blood after it leaves the kidneys?
It contains no
urea
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What is selectively absorbed in the kidneys?
Glucose
, some
ions
, and some water
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How do kidneys adjust the concentration of ions in the blood?
By reabsorbing ions based on
body
needs
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What happens to the concentration of glucose in the blood after passing through the kidneys?
It
remains
unchanged
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What happens to the concentration of urea in the blood after passing through the kidneys?
It falls to
virtually
zero
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What is the process called when the liver breaks down excess amino acids?
Deamination
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What toxic chemical is produced from excess amino acids?
Ammonia
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How is ammonia dealt with in the body?
Converted to
urea
by the
liver
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What can urea be safely excreted by?
The
kidneys
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What are the main functions of the kidneys?
Remove
waste products
like
urea
Adjust levels of water and ions
Maintain
homeostasis
in the body
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What happens during the process of deamination?
Excess
amino acids
are broken down
Ammonia
is produced
Ammonia is converted to
urea
Urea is excreted by
kidneys
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What are the consequences of imbalanced water levels in the blood?
Cells
may gain too much water and burst
Cells may lose too much water and shrivel
Overall
body function
is compromised
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What is homeostasis in relation to the kidneys?
Regulation of
water
and ion levels
Removal of
waste products
Maintenance of stable
internal environment
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