diabetes

• type 1 = born with it
• type 2 = linked to obesity
• type 1 symptoms:

  • pancreas doesn't produce any insulin
  • untreated type 1s aren't taking insulin -> blood glucose extremely high after carbohydrates
  • glucose not stored as glycogen and (if untreated) glucose present in urine
• how to make blood glucose levels go down faster: exercise
• glucose levels will eventually decrease without insulin as we use glucose for respiration
• glycogen is stored in liver
• type 2 symptoms:

  • body cells don't respond to insulin
  • blood glucose remains high despite release of insulin as liver cells don't respond to insulin
• type 2 is usually present in...?

  people who are older and overweight
• treatment for type 1 only?

  insulin injections
• treatment for type 2 only?

  metformin tablets
• metformin tablets makes body cells respond to insulin again
• diabetes treatments for both types?

  diet low in carbohydrates; regular exercise; pancreatic tissue transplant (as insulin produced in pancreas)
• negative of pancreatic tissue transplant?

  might be rejected + have to take drugs
• testing urine for glucose?

  benedict's solution used -> mixed with urine and heated strongly -> colour observed
• glucose present (positive result) = brick red
• glucose absent (negative result) = blue
• benedict's solution must be heated strongly