Social influence factors

• 4 situations factors for bystander intervention

  diffusion of responsibility

  Noticing the event

  Pluralistic ignorance

  Cost of helping
• What is diffusion of responsibility 


  The bigger the crowd, the less we feel obligated to help
• What is noticing the event


  When there are more people about and we are less alert and tend to carry on with our own business
• What is pluralistic ignorance


  We look to others for info of how to interpret the situation, if people don’t react, we tend to classify it as not en emergency
• What is cost of helping


  The situation is too risky
• Personal factors affecting bystander intervention


  Competence

  Mood

  Similarity
• Describe competence


  If we are trained to help
• Describe mood


  If we are in a good mood we are more likely to help
• Describe similarity


  If we perceive the person as similar to us, we are more likely to help
• Situational factors of conformity


  Task difficulty

  Unanimity of the majority

  Size of majority
• Personal factors of conformity


  Loc

  Age

  Gender
• Describe task difficulty 


  Isi

  If we are unsure we look to others

  If we are sure we are less likely to conform
• Describe unanimity of the majority


  when one person disagrees with the majority this creates two norms and the person is less likely to conform
• Describe size of majority


  Nsi
• Describe internal loc


  We are incharge and have control
• Describe external loc


  We are unsure and have little control
• Situational factors for obedience


  Proximity of victim

  Proximity of authority figure

  Authority figure changed

  Legitimacy of context

  Personal responsibility

  Support of others
• Personal factors of obedience 


  Gender
• Describe proximity of victim

  If in same room, harder to shock fell to 40%
• Describe Proximity of authority figure


  If on phone, less likely to obey fell to 20.5%
• Describe Authority figure changing


  Lab coat- obey more, professional

  Member of public, fell to 20%
• Describe Legitimacy of context


  Yale University, run down office fell to 47.5%
• Describe Personal responsibility 


  working with another person, obedience rose to 90% took less personal responsibility
• Describe support of others

  2 confederates, one refused to continue at 150v, other at 210v, obedience was only 10%