materials wood t1

• types of timber


  Hardwood and softwood
• Types of metals


  ferrous and non-ferrous
• Types of polymers


  Thermoplastics and thermosetting plastic
• Janka scale


  Used to rate the hardness of timbers
• Hardwoods


  Deciduous. Trees have broad leaves, which they usually lose in the fall found normally in higher temperature countries. Oak mahogany, beech, ash, maple, willow, balsa wood, jelutong
• examples of hardwoods


  Oak, mahogany, beech, ash, maple, willow, balsa wood, jelutong
• What are exotic hardwoods?


  Abstract bright patterned wood used for furniture.
• What is oak?


  High density, strong, hard, close grain structure used for making furniture, cabinetry and flooring and used to make Tudor houses structure
• What is beech?


  Hard, very strong, straight grained, durable, good strength, not rot resistant, easily available and affordable, flexible, normally used for veneer, flooring, boatbuilding
• What is willow?


  Has close grain so is strong and durable, high strength to weight ratio( lightweight), excellence balance, normally used for cricket bats
• What is mahogany?


  Mahogany is very strong, durable and has a beautiful finish, normally used for a full size snooker table
• What are ash ebony maple and pear?


  Used widely for manufacturing snooker cues as has a very straight/close grain, allows for greater accuracy, has an aesthetic appeal
• What is balsa wood?

  Balsa wood is lightweight, has a coarse grain as easy to cut and form and mould for hobby modelling, very high moisture as taken from a fast growing tree after 20 years
• What is jelutong wood?


  Very versatile hardwood, used widley in model making and pattern makers, has a low density making it lightweight, has a straight grain which is easy to work with
• What is a softwood?


  Fast-growing wood found in colder climates which is cheaper than hardwood and usually softer, with it coming from coniferous trees(cone bearing). Cedar, fir, larch, pine, redwood, spruce, yew
• What is pine?

  Pine is versatile as can be used for furniture, flooring, decking. It's lightweight, good workability, good durability, easy available, but can be expensive
• What is fir?


  has a strong grain and red colour which is aesthetically pleasing, very stiff, hard, expensive, prone to dents and scratches
• What is spruce?


  spruce is lightweight, rot resistant, affordable, low hardened, easy to work with, finishes well, used in furniture
• What is cedar


  Used both in exterior and interior furniture, has natural antibacterial and anti fungal properties, and excellent for boat building
• What is yew?


  Traditionally used for archery, has a tight grain, flexible and strong, used for musical instruments, bowls
• What is larch


  Used for heavy carpentry, cladding the exterior of buildings, boats, very pliable, tough, durable, resistant to rot, expensive
• What is Redwood ?


  Known as the tallest softwood trees, used for construction of interior and exterior buildings, extremely dense strong but grows slowly
• What is a manufactured board?


  Processed sections and waste timber into sheets of specific dimensions, available in larger sizes and generally cheap
• What is MDF?


  Medium density fibreboard used widely in both furniture it's very versatile, easy to cut and work with, available in many thicknesses, relatively cheap, can be hazardous
• What is blockboard?


  Expensive and strong, produced from a number of laminated sections of wood, reversed grain, used in furniture
• What is plywood?


  Plywood, very strong constructed from laminating layers of thin sections of timber reversing grain, versatile, used in furniture, interior design, used in steam bending
• What is hardboard?


  Useful manufactured board only available in certain thicknesses which limits its uses, used in furniture construction, effective for flooring and counter tops, highly compressed wood fibres, no grain, available with various finishes
• What is chipboard ?


  Chipboard is the cheapest available, made from waste fragments, bonded under high pressure with resin, used in construction