components

• What is the function of a filament lamp?

  It emits light when current flows
• What is the behavior of diodes in a circuit?

  They allow current to flow in one direction
• What is the purpose of a cell or battery in a circuit?

  To provide electric power to the circuit
• How does a switch affect the flow of electricity?

  It can open or close the circuit
• What happens when a switch is open?

  The circuit is incomplete and turns off
• What are filament lamps?

  Small bulbs used in circuits
• What is the function of a fuse in a circuit?

  It breaks if too much current flows
• What is a diode's function in a circuit?

  It allows current to flow in one direction
• What is a light emitting diode (LED)?

  A diode that emits light when current flows
• Where are LEDs commonly used?

  In alarm clocks and traffic lights
• What do ammeters measure in a circuit?

  Current
• How are ammeters connected in a circuit?

  In series
• What do voltmeters measure in a circuit?

  Potential difference
• How are voltmeters connected in a circuit?

  In parallel
• What are resistors used for in a circuit?

  To provide resistance
• What are the two types of basic resistors?

  Fixed and variable resistors
• What is a light dependent resistor (LDR)?

  A resistor whose resistance depends on light intensity
• How does an LDR behave in bright light?

  It has low resistance allowing high current flow
• What happens to an LDR's resistance in darkness?

  Resistance is high, limiting current flow
• How can LDRs be used in automatic night lights?

  They detect light and adjust resistance
• What is a thermistor?

  A resistor whose resistance depends on temperature
• How does temperature affect a thermistor's resistance?

  Higher temperatures decrease resistance
• Where are thermistors commonly used?

  In car engines and electronic thermostats
• What are the main components and their functions in a circuit?

  • Cell/Battery: Provides electric power
  • Switch: Controls electricity flow
  • Filament Lamp: Acts as a light source
  • Fuse: Breaks circuit if current is too high
  • Diode: Allows current in one direction
  • LED: Emits light when current flows
  • Ammeter: Measures current in series
  • Voltmeter: Measures potential difference in parallel
  • Resistors: Provide resistance (fixed/variable)
  • LDR: Resistance depends on light intensity
  • Thermistor: Resistance depends on temperature