Sampling

• What is random sampling?

  Every member has an equal chance of selection
• How can you perform random sampling?

  Pick names from a hat
• What is opportunity sampling?

  Selecting available and willing participants
• How can you conduct opportunity sampling?

  Ask for volunteers in a shop
• What is volunteer sampling?

  Asking people with relevant characteristics to volunteer
• How can you implement volunteer sampling?

  Advertise for specific participants in a paper
• What is stratified sampling?

  Dividing population into subgroups and sampling
• What is systematic sampling?

  Using a defined sampling frame and interval
• How can you perform systematic sampling?

  Select every 10th person from a register
• What is the difference between a population and a sample?

  A population is the entire group studied
• Why is a sample used instead of a population?

  A sample is more manageable to study
• What is the aim of selecting a representative sample?

  To generalize findings to the target population
• What happens if a sample is not representative?

  It results in a biased sample
• How does sample size affect bias?

  Larger samples reduce the likelihood of bias
• What is more important, a representative sample or a large sample?

  A representative sample is more important
• What is a sampling error?

  It is the difference between sample and population
• What is opportunity sampling's implication regarding bias?

  Researcher bias may arise from control
• How does opportunity sampling affect generalizability?

  It is unrepresentative of the target population