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biology
cell structure
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Created by
Evie
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Cards (22)
what is the difference between
eukaryotic
and
prokaryotic
cells
prokaryotic
are much
smaller
eukaryotic
cells contain membrane bound organelles and a
nucleus
containing
genetic
material, prokaryotes don't
what is the
prokaryotic
cell wall
composed of
peptidoglycan
how is
genetic
information stored in a
prokaryotic
cell
found free within
cytoplasm
as
chromosomal DNA
, and
plasmid DNA
what are
plasmids
small circular loops of
DNA
found free in
cytoplasm
carry
genes
that provide
genetic
advantages
what
compounds
are found in both animal and plant cells (5)
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell
membrane
mitochondria
ribosomes
list the additional compounds found in plant cells (3)
chloroplasts
permanent
vacuole
cell wall
what are the functions of the
nucleus
control
cellular
activities
and stores
genetic
information
describe the structure of
cytoplasm
fluid component
of the cell
contains
organelles
,
enzymes
and dissolved
ions
and
nutrients
what is the function of
cytoplasm
site of
cellular
reactions
transport
medium
what is the function of the
cell membrane
controls
entry
and exit of
materials
in and out of the cell
what is the function of
ribosomes
joins
amino acids
during
synthesis
of
proteins
what is the
plant cell wall
made of
cellulose
what's the function of the
cell wall
provides
strength
prevents cell bursting during
osmosis
what does the permanent
vacuole
contain
cell
sap
what is the function of
chloroplasts
site of
photosynthesis
how are
sperm cells
adapted
nucleus
containing genetic information
tail
enables movement
mitochondria
provides energy
acrosome
contains enzymes that digest egg cell membrane
how are
nerve cells
adapted for their function
long
axon
allows electrical impulses to be transmitted
dendrites
connect to and receive impulses
myelin sheath
insulates the axon and speeds up transmission of impulses
how are
root hair cells
adapted to their function
large
surface area
to absorb
nutrients
and water from soil
thin
walls
that don't restrict water absorption
how are
xylem cells
adapted to their
function
no upper or lower margins between cells to provide a
continuous
route for
water
to flow
thick
,
woody
side walls strengthen their
structure
and prevent collapse
how are
phloem cells
in plants adapted to their function
sieve plated
let dissolved
amino acids
and sugars to b transported up and down the stem
companion cells
provide energy needed for active transport of substances along the phloem
what is
cell differentiation
the process by which cells become
specialised
why is
cell differentiation
important
allows production of different
tissues
and
organ
that perform various different vital
functions
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