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Cards (116)
How does sound energy travel?
As a
longitudinal wave
through
air
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What do sound waves require to travel?
A
medium
to travel across a distance
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What happens to particles in a sound wave?
They vibrate in
compressions
and
rarefactions
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What is a compression in sound waves?
Particles
are pushed together by the wave
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What is a rarefaction in sound waves?
Particles
are spread apart by the wave
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In what direction do particles move in a sound wave?
In the same direction as the wave
travels
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What moves with the sound wave?
The
energy
carried by the wave
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Can sound waves travel through a vacuum?
No
,
they cannot travel through a vacuum
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What are the four characteristics of sound waves?
Frequency
,
wavelength
,
amplitude
, and
period
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What is frequency in sound waves?
Number of compressions passing a point
per second
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What are the SI units for frequency?
Hertz (Hz)
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How is wavelength measured?
Distance from one
compression
to the next
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What is amplitude in sound waves?
Maximum displacement from
undisturbed position
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What does a louder sound carry more of?
More
energy
than a quiet sound
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What is the period of a wave?
Reciprocal
of the
frequency
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What determines the pitch of a sound?
The
frequency
of the sound wave
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What is infrasound?
Sound below 10
Hz
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What is ultrasound?
Sound above 20,000
Hz
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How do low-frequency sounds travel compared to high-frequency sounds?
Low-frequency
sounds travel faster
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What is diffraction in sound waves?
Waves spreading out from an
edge
or gap
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What size gap causes diffraction?
About the same size as the
wavelength
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What is the hearing range of humans?
20-20,000
Hz
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Which animal can hear the lowest frequency?
Elephant
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What is the range of frequencies on a piano?
27.5
to
4186.0
Hz
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What are the uses of infrasound?
Communication among some animals (e.g.,
elephants
)
Studying natural disasters (e.g.,
earthquakes
)
Monitoring environmental changes
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What are the uses of ultrasound?
Medical imaging
(e.g.,
prenatal scans
)
Industrial
cleaning (e.g.,
jewelry
)
Detecting
flaws
in
materials
(e.g.,
pipes
)
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What type of wave are P-waves?
Longitudinal waves
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What type of wave are S-waves?
Transverse waves
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How do P-waves and S-waves differ in speed?
waves
are
faster
than
S-waves
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What do tectonic plates move due to?
Convection currents
in the mantle
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Why is it difficult to predict earthquakes?
Insufficient background data on
tectonic plates
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Why are earthquakes more common at plate boundaries?
High
tectonic activity
occurs there
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What is refraction in waves?
Change in direction when passing into a different
medium
Speed of wave
depends on the medium
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What are the characteristics of longitudinal waves?
Particles
vibrate parallel to wave
direction
Compressions
and
rarefactions
are present
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What is infrared radiation?
A type of
electromagnetic radiation
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What are the characteristics of transverse waves?
Particles
vibrate
perpendicular
to wave direction
Peaks
and
troughs
are present
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What is the Earth's crust divided into?
Tectonic plates
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How does the temperature of an object relate to infrared radiation?
Higher temperature means more infrared radiation
emitted
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What generates earthquakes?
Tectonic plate movements
and
collisions
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What is black body radiation?
Radiation
emitted
by a
perfect
black
body
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See all 116 cards
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