Neutralisation Reactions

• What types of bases are discussed in the video?

  Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates
• What do reactions between acids and bases produce?

  Salt and water
• What salt is formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium oxide?

  Sodium chloride
• What ions combine to form sodium chloride from hydrochloric acid and sodium oxide?

  Positive sodium ions and negative chloride ions
• What is the formula for potassium sulfate formed from sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide?

  K₂SO₄
• What additional product is formed when acids react with metal carbonates?

  Carbon dioxide
• What salt is produced when nitric acid reacts with calcium carbonate?

  Calcium nitrate
• How do you balance the charges when forming calcium nitrate from nitric acid and calcium carbonate?

  Two nitrate ions for one calcium ion
• What must be done to make a soluble salt from an insoluble base?

  React an acid with an insoluble base
• What are the steps to make a soluble salt using an insoluble base?

  1. Place dilute acid in a beaker.
  2. Heat gently with a Bunsen burner.
  3. Add insoluble base gradually.
  4. Filter out excess base.
  5. Evaporate water to form crystals.
• Why do you add insoluble base gradually to the acid?

  To ensure complete reaction and avoid excess
• What is the purpose of filtering the mixture after the reaction?

  To remove excess insoluble base
• How do you obtain pure solid crystals from the filtered solution?

  Evaporate off some water gently
• Why should you avoid using a Bunsen burner to heat the solution too much?

  To prevent damaging the salt
• What happens when the solution cools after evaporation?

  More crystals of salt form
• What is the final step after filtering the crystals?

  Dry the crystals with filter paper
• What is the overall process of making soluble salts from insoluble bases?

  • React acid with insoluble base.
  • Filter to remove excess base.
  • Evaporate water to form crystals.
  • Dry the crystals for purity.