Case Study: E-16

• Date

  15th April 2010
• Type of Country


  AC
• Sub Glacial


  Volcano is under a glacier - causes more problems due to ice melt.
• Causes - Seismic Activity


  19th March - Earthquakes began to increase which show magma is rising in the volcano
• Causes - Type of Plate Boundary


  Constructive between North American and Eurasian Plates
• Causes - Gases


  Chemical reaction and an increase in silica and gases made the magma more viscous and explosive.
• Causes - Jokullhlaups


  Magma ripped through the glacial ice which caused flooding.
• Effects - Flights


  95000 flights cancelled
• Effects - Cost


  Airlines lost $200 million a day
• Effects - Environment


  Flash floods damaged fields and homes
• Effects - farms


  20 farms destroyed
• Effects - Roads

  The jokulhlaups destroyed part of Route 1
• Effects - Kenya


  Lost $35 billion due to cancelled trade and perishable food decaying
• Response - Monitoring


  Satellite imagery, thermal cameras, seismometers, tiltmeters and computer modelling - used to identify changes in the volcano and predict eruptions
• Response - IMO


  Iceland Meteorological Office - co ordinates information to share with the public
• Response - Mobile Phones

  A text messaging service is used to share information from the IMO with the public.
• Response - NEA


  National Emergency Agency co ordinates recovery and response tactics, such as replacing bridges with temporary pre built structures.
• Response - international

  Aircrafts were grounded according to weather predictions in the area.