psychological condition where distress if caused to an individual due to a discrepancy between external sexual characteristics and their psychological experience of self
DIFFERENT FACTORS IN THE BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATION?
genetic
hormonal
neural
GENETIC FACTORS?
BEIJSTERVELDT: similarity for cross-gender behaviourgreater in monozygotic twins than dizygotic twins
HARE: correlation between gender dysphoria and a variant of androgen receptor (AR) gene
HORMONAL FACTORS?
gender dysphoria in males caused by hormonal imbalance due to abnormally low levels of male hormone from testes when in the womb
NEURAL FACTORS?
LHOU:BSTc in MtF comparable in size to typical female's (bed nucleus of stria terminalis)
sexually dimorphic nucleus more similar in size to biologically female brain's in gender dysphoric males
GARCIA-FALGUERAS AND SWAAB: differences in hypothalamus areas of individuals that have undergone gender reassignment compared to gender 'typical' individuals, post-mortem
