Cards (29)

    • What are the three types of microbes?
      Bacteria, viruses, fungi
    • Why are microbes sometimes called micro-organisms?
      Because they are very small living things
    • Which type of microbe is the largest?
      Fungi
    • Why can't microbes be seen with the naked eye?
      They are too tiny
    • What type of microbe causes COVID-19?
      Virus
    • What diseases are caused by bacteria?
      Tuberculosis, whooping cough, cholera
    • What diseases are caused by viruses?
      Cold sores, sore throat, measles
    • What diseases are caused by fungi?
      Athlete's foot and ringworm
    • Why were the test tubes labeled A to D?
      To avoid confusion about samples
    • Why were tubes C and D boiled for 15 minutes?
      To kill the bacteria
    • Why were tubes A and C stoppered?
      To allow gases in but block bacteria
    • Why is it better to use cotton wool instead of a rubber bung?
      It allows oxygen in but blocks bacteria
    • Why did some tubes go cloudy after one week?
      Bacteria had been let in
    • What conditions do bacteria need to grow well?
      • Warm temperature (37°C)
      • Oxygen
      • Plenty of nutrients
      • Moisture
    • What are aseptic techniques?
      • Precautions to prevent contamination
      • Ensure bacteria grown are not contaminated
      • Prevent escape of bacteria
    • What is a pathogen?
      A microbe that causes disease
    • What is a contagious disease?
      A disease passed from person to person
    • Who was Semmelweis?
      A Hungarian physician
    • What did Semmelweis discover about maternal deaths?
      Higher in doctor's ward than midwives
    • What are antiseptics and disinfectants?
      • Antiseptics: kill microbes on living tissue
      • Disinfectants: kill microbes on surfaces
    • What is the purpose of antibiotics?
      To kill bacteria internally
    • What can happen with the overuse of antibiotics?
      Bacteria can become resistant
    • What is a superbug?
      A microbe resistant to antibiotics
    • How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?
      1. Some strains become resistant
      2. Non-resistant bacteria are killed
      3. Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce
      4. New colony of resistant bacteria forms
    • Why do we need to develop new antibiotics?
      Bacteria evolve to resist current antibiotics
    • What is penicillin?
      An antibiotic that kills bacteria
    • What is tetracycline used for?
      To prevent bacteria from growing
    • What does streptomycin do?
      Attacks the cell wall of bacteria
    • What are the effects of antibiotic resistance?
      • Difficult to treat infections
      • Increased healthcare costs
      • Higher risk of complications