Health and disease

• What causes communicable diseases?

  Pathogens
• What are the two types of diseases mentioned?

  Communicable and non-communicable
• What bacterium causes diarrhoea?

  *Vibrio cholerae*
• How does diarrhoea spread?

  Via contaminated water
• What is a method to prevent diarrhoea?

  Access to clean water supplies
• What bacterium causes coughing and lung disease?

  *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*
• How is coughing and lung disease spread?

  Through the air when infected individuals cough
• What can infected individuals do to prevent spreading lung disease?

  Avoid crowded public spaces
• What damage does malaria cause?

  Damage to red blood cells and liver
• How is malaria spread?

  Through mosquitoes acting as vectors
• What is a method to prevent malaria?

  Use of mosquito nets and repellents
• How is *Helicobacter pylori* transmitted?

  Oral transmission via contaminated food or water
• What bacterium causes stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting?

  *Helicobacter pylori*
• What disease does the Ebola virus cause?

  Haemorrhagic fever
• What can be done to prevent *Helicobacter pylori* infection?

  Having clean water supplies
• What can be done to prevent the spread of the Ebola virus?

  Isolating infected individuals
• What fungus infects ash trees?

  A fungus that causes leaf loss and bark lesions
• How is the Ebola virus spread?

  Via bodily fluids
• How does the fungus spread?

  Carried through the air by the wind
• What can be done to prevent the spread of the ash tree fungus?

  Removing infected ash trees
• What are the symptoms and prevention methods for the Ebola virus?

  • Symptoms: Haemorrhagic fever (fever with bleeding)
  • Prevention: Isolate infected individuals, sterilize areas
• What are the symptoms and prevention methods for diarrhoea?

  • Symptoms: Caused by *Vibrio cholerae*
  • Prevention: Access to clean water supplies
• What are the symptoms and prevention methods for coughing and lung disease?

  • Symptoms: Caused by *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*
  • Prevention: Avoid crowded spaces, practice hygiene
• What are the symptoms and prevention methods for malaria?

  • Symptoms: Damage to red blood cells and liver
  • Prevention: Use mosquito nets and repellents
• What are the symptoms and prevention methods for stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting?

  • Symptoms: Caused by *Helicobacter pylori*
  • Prevention: Clean water supplies
• What are the symptoms and prevention methods for the ash tree fungus?

  • Symptoms: Leaf loss and bark lesions
  • Prevention: Remove infected trees, restrict movement