Social learning theory

• What happens when we experience a reward for our behavior?

  We are more likely to repeat it
• What is the effect of punishment on behavior?

  It likely stops the behavior
• What do social learning theorists believe about observing others?

  It is enough to learn behavior
• What did social learning theorists include that behaviorists rejected?

  Internal mental processes
• What are the defining features of social learning theory?

  • Learning occurs in a social context
  • Observing others acts as models
  • Includes cognitive processes
  • Concepts of vicarious reinforcement and punishment
• What was the aim of Bandura's Bobo Doll Experiment?

  To demonstrate modeling and imitation
• What age group were the participants in Bandura's study?

  Three to six years old
• What did children observe in the aggressive model group?

  An adult using physical and verbal aggression
• What was the result of children observing aggressive models?

  They were more likely to be aggressive
• How did boys' imitation of aggression differ based on the model's gender?

  Boys imitated male models more
• What did Bandura's 1963 variation study show?

  Symbolic models are also imitated
• What did Bandura find in the 1965 study regarding vicarious reinforcement?

  Children punished were less aggressive
• What are the strengths of Bandura's Bobo Doll study?

  • High internal validity
  • Controlled environment
  • Matched participant design
• What are the weaknesses of Bandura's Bobo Doll study?

  • Lacks external validity
  • Short-term effects only
  • Limited generalizability to real life
• What do social learning theorists infer from behavior?

  Mediating cognitive factors influence behavior
• What is the role of mediational factors in social learning theory?

  • Attention
  • Retention
  • Reproduction
  • Motivation
• What must happen for a behavior to be reproduced?

  Attention must be paid to the model
• What is retention in the context of social learning theory?

  Memory of the observed behavior
• What does reproduction involve in social learning theory?

  Thinking about performing the behavior
• What does motivation refer to in social learning theory?

  Desire to perform the behavior
• How does social learning theory explain delayed imitation?

  Learning can be internalized for later use
• What is the significance of Bandura's research?

  • Evidence for social learning theory
  • Demonstrates modeling and imitation
  • Highlights vicarious reinforcement
• What are the implications of Bandura's findings for understanding aggression?

  • Aggression can be learned through observation
  • Media influences behavior
  • Importance of role models
• What does the term 'models' refer to in social learning theory?

  People we observe and imitate
• What is vicarious reinforcement?

  Learning through observing rewards given
• What is vicarious punishment?

  Learning through observing punishments given
• What factors influence whether a model is imitated?

  Identification and perceived status
• What is the role of attention in the mediational processes?

  It is necessary to observe the behavior
• What happens if any mediational process is missing?

  The behavior won't be imitated
• How does social learning theory differ from behaviorism in terms of learning?

  It includes cognitive processes in learning
• What is the significance of the Bobo Doll Experiment in psychology?

  It illustrates social learning principles
• How does social learning theory explain the acquisition of aggression?

  Through observation and imitation of models
• What does the term 'live models' refer to?

  People we know personally
• What does the term 'symbolic models' refer to?

  Characters from media like movies
• What is the importance of identifying with a model?

  It increases likelihood of imitation
• What is the role of high status in imitation?

  High status models are more likely to be imitated
• How does Bandura's research impact our understanding of aggression?

  It shows aggression can be learned socially
• What does the term 'mediational processes' refer to?

  Cognitive processes between observation and imitation
• What is the role of retention in social learning theory?

  It involves remembering the observed behavior
• What does reproduction involve in the context of social learning?

  Thinking about performing the observed behavior