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biology paper 1
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Cards (25)
How are the sides of the heart labeled in diagrams?
The
right
side is labeled as
left
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What are the four chambers of the heart?
Left atrium
,
left ventricle
,
right atrium
,
right ventricle
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What is the function of the pulmonary artery?
It carries blood to the
lungs
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What is the role of the pulmonary vein?
It returns blood from the
lungs
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What is the largest artery in the body?
The
aorta
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What is the vena cava's function?
It returns blood from the body to the heart
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What are the structures that ensure blood flows in one direction?
Valves
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Why are valves important in the heart?
They ensure blood travels in one
direction
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What is the first loop in double circulation?
Heart
to lungs and back to heart
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What happens in the lungs during the first loop of circulation?
Gas exchange
occurs
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What is the second loop in double circulation?
Heart to body and back to
heart
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What does blood drop off and pick up in the body loop?
It drops off
nutrients
and picks up
waste
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How does blood travel from the right ventricle to the lungs?
It goes through the
pulmonary artery
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How does blood return to the heart from the lungs?
It comes back via the
pulmonary vein
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What are arterioles?
Smaller blood vessels branching from
arteries
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What is the structure of capillaries?
They have very thin walls, one
cell
thick
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Why are capillaries narrow?
To allow
red blood cells
to travel single-file
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What is the function of capillaries in the body?
Maximize exchange of
substances
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What is the structure of veins?
Thin walls and large
lumen
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What do valves in veins do?
Prevent
backflow
of blood
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How do muscles help veins function?
They
squeeze veins to move
blood
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What are the key features of arteries, veins, and capillaries?
Arteries: Thick
muscular walls
, narrow lumen,
elastic tissue
Veins: Thin walls,
large lumen
,
valves
Capillaries: Very
thin walls
(
one cell thick
), narrow, numerous
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What is the importance of blood circulation?
Carries
nutrients
to cells
Removes waste from cells
Delivers oxygen for
respiration
Maintains
body function
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What is double circulation in humans?
Two loops:
heart
to
lungs
and back, heart to body and back
Ensures efficient gas exchange and nutrient delivery
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What is coronary heart disease?
Affects
coronary arteries
Reduces blood supply to the heart
Can lead to heart problems
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