gender in education

• the impact of feminism - feminism is a social movement for equal rights since the 1960s, the feminist movement has challenged the traditional stereotype of a woman role
• although feminists argue that we have not yet achieved full equality between the sexes. the feminist movement has had considerable success in improving women's rights. more broadly feminism has raised women's expectations and self-esteem
• changing in the family

  major changes in the family since 1970s

  • increase in the divorce rate
  • increase in the cohabitation and decrease in the number of first marriages
  • increased the number of lone-parent families
  • smaller -families
• sue sharpes (1994) -interview with girls in the 1970s and 1990s there is a shift in the way girls see their future
• o’connors (2006)-the study of 14-17 years old found that marriage and children were not a major part of their life span
• beck and beck- gernsheium (2001)- links this to the trend towards individualism in modern society where independence is valid much more strongly than in the past
• changes in women’s employment -in 1970s equal pay act makes it illegal to pay women less than men
• liberal feminists-celebrate the progress made so far in improving achievement. they believe that further progress will be made
• radical feminists take a more critical view while they recognise that girls are achieving more they emphasise that the system remains patriarchal
• Jo boater (1998)- sees the impact of equal opportunities police’s as a key reason for the changes in girls achievement
• mitsos and Browne (1998) -support this view concluding girls and more successful in coursework as they are better organised
• jane and peter French(1993)-found boys recieved more attention because they attract more reprinents
• Becky francis (2001)- found whole boys get more attention they are disciplined more harshly
• swam (1998)- found gender differences in communication style - founder gender dif in communication style