dna

• What is the main focus of today's video?

  Structure of DNA
• What are the two main components of DNA discussed in the video?

  Nucleotides and complementary base pairing
• What is a nucleotide made up of?

  Phosphate, sugar, and base
• What shape does DNA form?

  Double helix
• How many different types of bases are there in DNA?

  Four
• What forms the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA?

  Phosphate of one nucleotide bonds to sugar of another
• What is the role of the sugar phosphate backbone?

  Forms a protective outer casing
• What do the letters A, T, C, and G stand for?

  Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
• What is complementary base pairing?

  A pairs with T, C pairs with G
• If a DNA strand reads A G T G C T T A C, what is the first base of the complementary strand?


  T
• What is the genetic code?

  The sequence of bases in DNA
• What is a gene?

  A sequence of bases coding for a protein
• What is a triplet in the context of DNA?

  A group of three bases coding for an amino acid
• How does a cell read a DNA sequence to form a protein?

  As a series of triplet codes
• What happens to the amino acids after they are coded from DNA?

  They combine in the same order
• What is the significance of the unique sequence of amino acids in proteins?

  It determines the protein's unique shape
• What are the main uses of proteins in the body?

  • Enzymes: Biological catalysts
  • Hormones: Carry messages
  • Structural proteins: Add strength
• What is the role of enzymes in the body?

  Speed up chemical reactions
• How do hormones function in the body?

  They carry messages around the body
• What do structural proteins do?

  Add strength to cells and tissues
• What happens to the long chain of amino acids after formation?

  It folds up to form a protein
• How does the unique shape of a protein relate to its function?

  It allows the protein to perform specific tasks