State dependent forgetting

• What is State Dependent Learning?

  Memory recall is influenced by emotional state.
• How does emotional state affect memory recall?

  We remember better in the same emotional state.
• If someone learns information while happy, when are they likely to recall it best?

  When they are also feeling happy.
• What happens to memory recall when there is a mismatch in internal states during learning and recall?

  Performance on memory tests significantly worsens.
• Who conducted a study on the effects of antihistamines on memory recall?

  Carter and Cassaday (1968)
• What was the effect of antihistamines on participants in the study?

  They caused mild sedation and drowsiness.
• In the study by Carter and Cassaday, what was Group 1's condition?

  Learn on the drug, recall when on it.
• What did Goodwin (1969) find about people who drank a lot?

  They forget locations when sober but recall when drunk.
• What did Miles and Hardman (1998) study about memory recall?

  Memory recall while exercising versus at rest.
• What do the results of these studies suggest about learning and recall?

  Same state during learning and recall improves memory.
• What are the implications of State Dependent Learning on studying strategies?

  • Study in the same emotional state as testing
  • Avoid changing states between learning and recall
  • Consider physiological states (e.g., drowsiness)
• What was group 2s conditions in the study

  Learn on drug recall when not on it
• What was group 3s conditions in the study - carter and cassady

  Learn not on drug recall when on it
• Group 4 conditions carter and cassidy

  Learn not on drug recall not on drug