the digestive system

• What is meant by a tissue?

  A group of cells with similar structure
• What is an organ?

  A group of tissues working together
• What is an organ system?

  A group of organs working together
• What are the main organs in the digestive system?

  Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine
• What is the function of muscle cells?

  To contract and shorten for movement
• Why do muscle cells contain many mitochondria?

  To provide energy for contraction
• What is the definition of a tissue?

  A group of cells with similar structure and function
• What is an example of an organ?

  The stomach, which contains muscle tissue
• What is the role of glandular tissue in the stomach?

  To release enzymes for digestion
• What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

  To help enzymes digest proteins
• What happens to food in the stomach?

  It is churned into a fluid for digestion
• What does the pancreas release into the small intestine?

  Enzymes for starch, protein, and lipid digestion
• What is the role of bile in digestion?

  To speed up lipid digestion and neutralize acid
• How are small food molecules absorbed in the small intestine?

  By diffusion or active transport
• What happens in the large intestine?

  Water is absorbed into the bloodstream
• What is the final product released from the body?

  Feces
• What are the three main nutrients found in food?

  Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
• Why must large food molecules be digested?

  They are too large to be absorbed
• What is the purpose of digestion?

  To break down food into smaller molecules
• What is glucose used for in the body?

  To build new carbohydrates and for respiration
• What are the main functions of the digestive system organs?

  • Mouth: Chews food and begins starch digestion
  • Esophagus: Transports food to the stomach
  • Stomach: Digests proteins and churns food
  • Small intestine: Digests proteins, starch, and lipids; absorbs nutrients
  • Large intestine: Absorbs water and forms feces
• What is the process of digestion in the digestive system?

  1. Large food molecules are broken down by enzymes.
  2. Small molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream.
  3. Nutrients are used to build carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
  4. Glucose is used in respiration.
• What nutrients are too large to be absorbed directly?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
• What adaptations do muscle cells have for their function?

  • Special protein fibers for contraction
  • High number of mitochondria for energy