Elizabeth General Revision

• What years does Early Elizabethan England cover?

  1558-88
• What are the key components of the government hierarchy in Early Elizabethan England?

  • Court: Noblemen advising the queen
  • Parliament: Houses of Lords and Commons
  • Privy Council: Nobles helping govern
• What are the social classes in the countryside during Early Elizabethan England?

  1. Nobility
  2. Gentry
  3. Yeomen
  4. Tenant farmers
  5. Landless and working poor
  6. Homeless and beggars
• What are the social classes in towns during Early Elizabethan England?

  1. Merchants
  2. Professionals
  3. Business owners
  4. Skilled craftsmen
  5. Unskilled workers
  6. Unemployed
• What challenges did Elizabeth face when she became queen in 1558?

  She was young, inexperienced, and Protestant
• What was the financial situation of the Crown when Elizabeth ascended the throne?

  The Crown was £300,000 in debt
• Why was Elizabeth's legitimacy questioned by some people?

  Many believed she was illegitimate
• What was Elizabeth's character like?

  She was educated, confident, and charismatic
• What were the main religious divisions in England in 1558?

  • Catholic: Pope as head, Latin services
  • Protestant: No pope, English services
  • Puritan: Strict Protestants, plain churches
• What was the role of the Church of England in society?

  Enforced the Religious Settlement and collected tithes
• What was the aim of Elizabeth's Religious Settlement in 1559?

  To create a religious form acceptable to both Catholics and Protestants
• What did the Act of Uniformity establish?

  The appearance of churches and service conduct
• What did the Act of Supremacy declare?

  Elizabeth as the Supreme Governor of the Church
• What was introduced by the Book of Common Prayer?

  A set of new church services for all churches
• What did the Royal Injunctions require from clergy?

  To teach Royal Supremacy and keep an English Bible
• How many clergy accepted Elizabeth's Religious Settlement?

  8,000 of the 10,000 clergy
• What were the main challenges to Elizabeth's Religious Settlement?

  • Puritan challenge: Disobeyed parts of the Settlement
  • Catholic challenge: Counter Reformation and excommunication
• What was the Puritan challenge at home?

  They disobeyed parts of the Religious Settlement
• What was the Crucifix Controversy?

  Puritans refused to display crucifixes in churches
• What was the Vestment Controversy?

  Puritans refused to wear new vestments
• What was the Catholic challenge abroad during Elizabeth's reign?

  The Counter Reformation aimed to undo Protestant changes
• What happened to Elizabeth in 1570?

  She was excommunicated by the pope
• What was the significance of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

  It showed Mary couldn't be trusted
• What was the Ridolfi Plot of 1571?

  To murder Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne
• What was the outcome of the Ridolfi Plot?

  The Duke of Norfolk was executed for treason
• What was the Throckmorton Plot of 1583?

  To invade England and overthrow Elizabeth
• What was the significance of the Throckmorton Plot?

  It showed the threat from France and Spain
• What was the Babington Plot of 1586?

  To murder Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne
• What was the outcome of the Babington Plot?

  Mary was executed for her involvement
• What role did Francis Walsingham play in Elizabeth's government?

  • Secretary of State
  • Used a network of spies
  • Employed ciphers for communication
  • Deterrent through torture and execution
• Why was Mary, Queen of Scots executed in 1587?

  She was involved in plots against Elizabeth
• What were the relations between England and Spain during Elizabeth's reign?

  • Political and religious rivalry
  • Spain was Catholic, England was Protestant
  • Elizabeth secretly supported rebels in the Netherlands
• What did Elizabeth do in response to the Spanish Fury?

  She secretly provided money to rebels
• What is the timeline of Elizabeth's reign?

  1558 to 1588
• What roles do the Houses of Lords and Commons play in Parliament?

  They advise Elizabeth's government
• What is the significance of the Privy Council in governance?

  Nobles who helped govern the country
• How did Elizabeth's education impact her rule?

  It contributed to her political understanding
• Where were Catholics the majority in England?

  In the north and west of England
• What were the Royal Injunctions?

  Orders for clergy to enforce Royal Supremacy
• What were the implications of the Pope's excommunication of Elizabeth?

  It encouraged attacks on England from Catholics