Deindividuation

• How does being part of a crowd affect individual behavior?

  Individuals may behave differently than when alone
• What does being in a crowd provide individuals?

  Less likelihood of being noticed
• What is deindividuation according to Le Bon (1895)?

  Loss of inhibitions and personal identity
• How does deindividuation affect a person's sense of right and wrong?

  It may lead to a loss of moral responsibility
• What does anonymity in a crowd allow individuals to do?

  Act against their own character and beliefs
• Why might some people wear masks during riots?

  To maintain anonymity during antisocial behavior
• What are examples of crowds and antisocial behavior?

  • Football fans rioting after a loss
  • A child joining bullies to torment another
• What type of individuals typically engage in antisocial behavior in crowds?

  Generally not violent or aggressive types
• What releases negative behaviors in a crowd situation?

  Anonymity and freedom from social norms
• What does deindividuation mean in the context of collective behavior?

  Breaking away from the individual self
• What influences crowd-led deindividuation?

  Wearing a uniform, darkness, disguise
• What did Zimbardo (1969) find about deindividuated participants?

  They delivered more electric shocks
• What was the outcome of Zimbardo's 1973 prison experiment?

  Both guards and prisoners became deindividuated
• What behavior did the guards exhibit in Zimbardo's study?

  They became brutal and aggressive
• What are the strengths of understanding deindividuation?

  • Helps control football fan violence
  • Aids in managing demonstrations and protests
  • Prevents prison riots
• What did the prisoners lose in Zimbardo's experiment?

  All sense of autonomy
• What are the weaknesses of deindividuation research?

  • Not all deindividuation leads to antisocial behavior
  • Overcrowding can increase violence in prisons
• How can deindividuation be applied to prevent violence?

  By monitoring crowd behavior during events
• What did Baggio et al. (2020) find regarding violence in prisons?

  Violence was higher when prisons were overcrowded