2024

• describe hormones and give an example of one and its function: hormones are chemical messengers released by endocrine gland into the bloodstream, affecting various functions and behaviours. adrenaline is released by the adrenal gland during fight or flight which increases heart rate and constricts blood vessels in the stomach
• example of neurochemistry affecting behaviour: neurochemistry affects behaviour through the action of neurotransmitters which are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons in the brain. GABA in an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neural activity by promoting relaxation and decreasing anxiety. benzodiazpines enhance GABA effect providing calming influence
• outline ego and superego: ego operates on the reality principle and is rational part of mind that balances demands of id and superego. formed between 18mths and 3yrs and is conscious part of mind. superego operates on morality principle acting as conscience or moral guide incorporating parental and societal values. formed between 3 and 6 yrs and is unconscious part of the mind
• Outline Wundt's method of introspection.: involved participants being trained to systematically observe and report their own mental processes. done under controlled laboratory conditions to ensure reliability. specific stimulus was presented and participants asked to describe thought, feelings and sensations in response. aim was to break down conscious experience into basic components such as sensations, emotions and images to better understand the structure of the mind
• application question on humanistic approach: low self-esteem and can't self actualise, gap between ideal self and self image. therapist can help by fearing unconditional positive regard and reassure her that good grades is proof of clear news which might help reduce incongruence and encourage self actualisation.