Ocular Blood Supply

• What is the purpose of the blood, lymphatic, and nervous supply of the ocular system?

  To support the function of the ocular system
• What types of vessels are found in the eye and its adnexa?

  Arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels
• Why is it important to differentiate between the different vessels in the ocular system?

  They have different clinical significances
• What are the main components of the ocular circulatory system?

  • Carotid artery
  • Ophthalmic artery
  • Branches of the ophthalmic artery
  • Veins of the orbit
  • Lymphatic drainage

  
• What major artery supplies the ocular system?

  Internal carotid artery

  
• What does the ophthalmic artery arise from?

  Cerebral part of the internal carotid artery

  
• Where does the ophthalmic artery travel to enter the orbit?

  Through the optic canal alongside the optic nerve

  
• What are the terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery?

  Supratrochlear and dorsal nasal arteries

  
• What structures does the ophthalmic artery supply?

  Orbital structures and adjacent structures

  
• What are the branches of the ophthalmic artery?

  Central retinal, lacrimal, ciliary arteries

  
• What are the two groups of arteries supplied by the ophthalmic artery?

  • Orbital group
  • Ocular group

  
• What does the lacrimal artery supply?

  Lacrimal gland, eyelid, conjunctiva

  
• Where does the lacrimal artery travel?

  Along the superior border of the lateral rectus muscle

  
• What does the supraorbital artery supply?

  Superior rectus, levator palpebrae, forehead skin
• What is the function of the ethmoidal arteries?

  Supply dura mater and ethmoidal air cells
• What are the two types of ethmoidal arteries?

  Anterio and posterior ethmoidal arteries
• What does the central retinal artery supply?

  Optic nerve and retinal layer

  
• How many groups of ciliary arteries are there?

  Three groups
• What do the long posterior ciliary arteries form at the ciliary processes?

  An arterial ring around the iris
• What is the function of the short posterior ciliary arteries?

  Supply the back of the eyeball

  
• What are the main branches of the ophthalmic artery?

  • Central retinal artery
  • Lacrimal artery
  • Short and long posterior ciliary arteries
  • Supraorbital artery
  • Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
  • Muscular arteries

  
• What is the significance of the arterial circles of the iris?

  • Major arterial circle of the iris
  • Minor circle of the iris
  • Provide arterial supply to the iris
• What is the function of the pupil?

  To provide arterial supply to the iris
• What do the branches of the pupil supply?

  They supply the sclera along their path

  
• What are the arterial circles of the iris called in Latin?

  Circulus arteriosus major/minor
• Which artery supplies the iris?

  Internal carotid artery

  
• What artery branches off to supply the iris?

  Ophthalmic artery

  
• What do the long posterior ciliary arteries form at the ciliary processes?

  A series of anastomoses
• What does the arterial ring around the iris consist of?

  Major arterial circle of the iris
• Where is the minor circle of the iris located?

  Proximal to the pupil
• What are the short posterior ciliary arteries also known as in Latin?

  Ateriae ciliares posteriores breves
• From where do the short posterior ciliary arteries arise?

  From the ophthalmic artery

  
• What do the short posterior ciliary arteries supply?

  Sclera, ciliary processes, and optic disc

  
• What do the anterior ciliary arteries arise from?

  Muscular branches of the ophthalmic artery

  
• Where do the anterior ciliary arteries travel?

  Along the rectus muscles
• How many anterior ciliary arteries accompany the rectus muscles?

  Two with RS, RI, and RM; one with RL
• What do the anterior ciliary arteries supply?

  Rectus muscle, sclera, conjunctiva, and iris

  
• What do the muscular branches of the ophthalmic artery provide?

  Arterial supply to extra-ocular muscles

  
• What is included in the blood supply to the eyelid?

  Marginal arcade and peripheral arcade

  
• What are the components of the ocular vascular system?

  • Carotid artery
  • Ophthalmic artery
  • Branches of the ophthalmic artery
  • Veins of the orbit
  • Lymphatic drainage